ArticleNeurocritical care2006
A novel inhibitor of inflammatory cytokine production (CNI-1493) reduces rodent post-hemorrhagic vasospasm.
Article in Neurocritical care, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Topical application of dexamethasone to prevent cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage: a pilot study.Clinical drug investigation · 2007Trial
- Sympathetic nerve block as an add-on therapy for intervention and prevention of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- The Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Response and the Role of Macrophages in HIV-Induced Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of the spirocyclopiperazinium salt compound LXM-15 in rats and mice.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2018Article
- Elevated Systemic IL-6 Levels in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Is an Unspecific Marker for Post-SAH Complications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Article
- Heparanase promotes neuroinflammatory response during subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2017Article
- 4'-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol, an active ingredient of Saposhnikovia divaricata, attenuates high-mobility group box 1 and subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced vasospasm in a rat model.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2015Article
- Valproic acid attenuates intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin through a chemokine ligand 5 dependent mechanism and subarachnoid hemorrhage induced vasospasm in a rat model.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2015Article
- Immune cells subpopulations in cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood of patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.SpringerPlus · 2015Article
- The rodent endovascular puncture model of subarachnoid hemorrhage: mechanisms of brain damage and therapeutic strategies.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2014Review
- Purpurogallin, a natural phenol, attenuates high-mobility group box 1 in subarachnoid hemorrhage induced vasospasm in a rat model.International journal of vascular medicine · 2014Article
- Inflammation, vasospasm, and brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage.BioMed research international · 2014Review
- Cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury.Current treatment options in neurology · 2014Article
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral vasospasm - literature review.Journal of medicine and life · 2013Review
- Inflammation, cerebral vasospasm, and evolving theories of delayed cerebral ischemia.Neurology research international · 2013Review
- Article
- Cerebral vasospasm pharmacological treatment: an update.Neurology research international · 2013Article
- Influence of Fever and hospital-acquired infection on the incidence of delayed neurological deficit and poor outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.Neurology research international · 2012Article
- Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is a target in pharmacology and toxicology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionCerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating complication, yet despite multiple lines of investigation an effective treatment remains lacking. Cytokine-mediated inflammation has been implicated as a causative factor in the development of posthemorrhagic vasospasm. In previous experiments using the rat femoral artery model of vasospasm, we demonstrated that elevated levels of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 are present after hemorrhage and that a polyclonal antibody against IL-6 is capable of attenuating experimental vasospasm.
methodsIn the present study, we tested the ability of a novel selective proinflammatory cytokine inhibitor (CNI-1493) to protect against the occurrence of experimental vasospasm in the same rat femoral artery model. CNI-1493 was administered by injection directly into the blood-filled femoral pouches of animals at the time of their initial surgery (hemorrhage). Control animals received an equal volume of vehicle alone. Animals were killed at 8 days posthemorrhage and degree of vasospasm was assessed by image analysis of artery cross-sectional area. In a separate series of experiments, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess levels of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 and the prototypical antiinflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 after treatment with CNI-1493.
resultsPretreatment with CNI-1493 provided dose-dependent attenuation of posthemorrhagic vasospasm, with the highest dose (200 microg in 8 microL dH2O) causing complete reversal of vasospasm (vessel cross-sectional area ratio 1.06 +/- 0.04 versus 0.87 +/- 0.06, p < 0.05, one-way analysis of variance). Assessment of cytokine levels by ELISA confirmed the selectivity of CNI-1493 by demonstrating significant reductions in IL-6 levels, but no suppression of TGF-beta1 levels.
conclusionsThese findings support the conclusion that inflammatory cytokines, in particular IL-6, play an important role in development of vasospasm in the rat femoral artery model. Furthermore, these results suggest that the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines may be an appropriate strategy for the treatment of vasospasm after SAH.
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