ReviewVeterinary journal (London, England : 1997)2008
Immune evasion and immunosuppression by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agent of tick-borne fever of ruminants and human granulocytic anaplasmosis.
Review in Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997), 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global prevalence of Anaplasma species infection in domestic small ruminants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Tropical animal health and production · 2026Pooled it
- Microorganisms inInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2026Article
- Haematology, serum biochemistry, innate and adaptive immune system responses to blood pathogen infections in cattle: A review.Parasitology research · 2026Review
- Review
- Prevalence, aetiology and host and management factors associated with bovine mastitis in dairy cows in Zoba Anseba, Eritrea: a cross-sectional study.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis ofVeterinary sciences · 2025Article
- First Report ofTransboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Surveillance and Risk Analysis for Bovine Babesiosis in England and Wales to Inform Disease Distribution.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Presence ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis-A Systematic Review of Published Cases.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Molecular Survey of Vector-Borne Pathogens in Ticks, Sheep Keds, and Domestic Animals from Ngawa, Southwest China.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Molecular Survey ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Prevalence and co-infection with tick-borneInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2019Article
- Experimental infection of lambs with tick-borne encephalitis virus and co-infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum.PloS one · 2019Article
- Antimicrobial use of reactive oxygen therapy: current insights.Infection and drug resistance · 2018Review
- Influence of Genetic Background on Hematologic and Histopathologic Alterations during Acute Granulocytic Anaplasmosis in 129/SvEv and C57BL/6J Mice Lacking Type I and Type II Interferon Signaling.Comparative medicine · 2017Article
- Early Production of the Neutrophil-Derived Lipid Mediators LTBBioMed research international · 2017Article
- Characterization of neutrophils and macrophages from ex vivo-cultured murine bone marrow for morphologic maturation and functional responses by imaging flow cytometry.Methods (San Diego, Calif.) · 2017Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agent of tick-borne fever (TBF) in sheep and cattle and human granulocytic anaplasmosis, has the unique ability to infect and multiply within neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes, cells at the frontline of the immune system. Infection with A. phagocytophilum is also characterized by severe leukopenia due to lymphocytopenia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia lasting for several days. By itself TBF does not cause high mortality rates but infected animals are more susceptible to other secondary infections, pregnant animals may abort and there is a severe reduction in milk yield in dairy cattle. The susceptibility to secondary infections can be attributed to the leukopenia that accompanies the disease and the organism's adverse effects on lymphocyte and neutrophil functions. One of its fascinating features is that it infects and actively grows in neutrophils by employing an array of mechanisms to subvert their bactericidal activity. These include its ability to inhibit phagosome-lysosome fusion, to suppress respiratory burst and to delay the apoptotic death of neutrophils. It is also able to survive within an apparently immune host by employing a complex mechanism of antigenic variation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.