ArticleAmerican journal of human genetics2007
No gene is an island: the flip-flop phenomenon.
Article in American journal of human genetics, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 238 papers, 23 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
238 citing papers in PubMed, 23 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association between ELMO1 gene polymorphisms and diabetic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Association of eNOS and MCP-1 Genetic Variants with Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetic Nephropathy Susceptibility: A Case-Control and Meta-Analysis Study.Biochemical genetics · 2021Pooled it
- A cross-disease meta-GWAS identifies four new susceptibility loci shared between systemic sclerosis and Crohn's disease.Scientific reports · 2020Pooled it
- Association of PGC-1α gene with type 2 diabetes in three unrelated endogamous groups of North-West India (Punjab): a case-control and meta-analysis study.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2018Pooled it
- The interaction between cannabis use and the Val158Met polymorphism of the COMT gene in psychosis: A transdiagnostic meta - analysis.PloS one · 2018Pooled it
- Opposite Associations between Individual KIAA0319 Polymorphisms and Developmental Dyslexia Risk across Populations: A Stratified Meta-Analysis by the Study Population.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- Association of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) Variants with Primary Angle Closure and Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Association of clusterin (CLU) variants and exfoliation syndrome: An analysis in two Caucasian studies and a meta-analysis.Experimental eye research · 2015Pooled it
- MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism increases the male infertility risk: a meta-analysis involving 26 studies.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) null polymorphisms and the risk of hypertension: a meta-analysis.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Human endogenous retrovirus HERV-Fc1 association with multiple sclerosis susceptibility: a meta-analysis.PloS one · 2014Pooled it
- Lack of association between vitamin D receptor gene FokI and BsmI polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk: an updated meta-analysis involving 21,756 subjects.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2013Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of genetic association studies under heterogeneity.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2012Pooled it
- The association between complement component 2/complement factor B polymorphisms and age-related macular degeneration: a HuGE review and meta-analysis.American journal of epidemiology · 2012Pooled it
- Geographic differences in genetic susceptibility to IgA nephropathy: GWAS replication study and geospatial risk analysis.PLoS genetics · 2012Pooled it
- Genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 with prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 57 studies.PloS one · 2012Pooled it
- Multicenter cohort association study of SLC2A1 single nucleotide polymorphisms and age-related macular degeneration.Molecular vision · 2012Pooled it
- Association and heterogeneity at the GAPDH locus in Alzheimer's disease.Neurobiology of aging · 2012Pooled it
- Genome-wide association studies of cerebral white matter lesion burden: the CHARGE consortium.Annals of neurology · 2011Pooled it
- Review and meta-analysis of antidepressant pharmacogenetic findings in major depressive disorder.Molecular psychiatry · 2010Pooled it
178 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
An increasing number of publications are replicating a previously reported disease-marker association but with the risk allele reversed from the previous report. Do such "flip-flop" associations confirm or refute the previous association findings? We hypothesized that these associations may indeed be confirmations but that multilocus effects and variation in interlocus correlations contribute to this flip-flop phenomenon. We used theoretical modeling to demonstrate that flip-flop associations can occur when the investigated variant is correlated, through interactive effects or linkage disequilibrium, with a causal variant at another locus, and we show how these findings could explain previous reports of flip-flop associations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.