ArticleThe New England journal of medicine2007
Prepubertal gynecomastia linked to lavender and tea tree oils.
Article in The New England journal of medicine, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 361 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tea tree oil, a vibrant source of neuroprotection via neuroinflammation inhibition: a critical insight into repurposingJournal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2023Pooled it
- TFOS Lifestyle: Impact of cosmetics on the ocular surface.The ocular surface · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Aromatherapy as an adjuvant treatment in cancer care--a descriptive systematic review.African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM · 2012Pooled it
- Exploring the efficacy and safety of a novel standardized ashwagandha (Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2023Trial
- Possible efficacy of Lavender and Tea tree oils in the treatment of young women affected by mild idiopathic hirsutism.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2013Trial
- A proposed evaluation of new approach methodologies for dermal toxicity assessment of botanicals.Pharmaceutical biology · 2026Review
- Medicinal Plants for Acne Vulgaris: An Evidence-Based Review of Treatments Promoted by Social Media.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2026Review
- Clinical Potential of Essential Oils: Cytotoxicity, Selectivity Index, and Efficacy for Combating Gram-Positive ESKAPE Pathogens.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- Effects of lavender essential oil inhalation aromatherapy on postoperative sleep quality in patients with intracranial tumors: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Gynecomastia in adolescent males: current understanding of its etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.Annals of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism · 2024Article
- Effect of Essential Oil Components on the Activity of Steroidogenic Cytochrome P450.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Premature Thelarche: An Updated Review.Current pediatric reviews · 2024Review
- Critical assessment of the endocrine potential of Linalool and Linalyl acetate: proactive testing strategy assessing estrogenic and androgenic activity of Lavender oil main components.Archives of toxicology · 2024Article
- Are Prepubertal Gynaecomastia and Premature Thelarche Linked to Topical Lavender and Tea Tree Oil Use?TouchREVIEWS in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Review
- Gynecomastia.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2023Review
- Comparative Studies on the Anti-Inflammatory and Apoptotic Activities of Four Greek Essential Oils: Involvement in the Regulation of NF-κΒ and Steroid Receptor Signaling.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A Status Review on Health-Promoting Properties and Global Regulation of Essential Oils.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Most cases of male prepubertal gynecomastia are classified as idiopathic. We investigated possible causes of gynecomastia in three prepubertal boys who were otherwise healthy and had normal serum concentrations of endogenous steroids. In all three boys, gynecomastia coincided with the topical application of products that contained lavender and tea tree oils. Gynecomastia resolved in each patient shortly after the use of products containing these oils was discontinued. Furthermore, studies in human cell lines indicated that the two oils had estrogenic and antiandrogenic activities. We conclude that repeated topical exposure to lavender and tea tree oils probably caused prepubertal gynecomastia in these boys.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.