ReviewAnnals of family medicine
Review of the evidence on diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
Review in Annals of family medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Current diagnosis of venous thromboembolism in primary care: a clinical practice guideline from the American Academy of Family Physicians and the American College of Physicians.Annals of family medicineGuideline
- 99mTc-apcitide scintigraphy in patients with clinically suspected deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2008Trial
- Risk factors for preoperative isolated calf muscle vein thrombosis in elderly patients with hip fracture and development of a predictive nomogram: a retrospective study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- A comprehensive review of venous thromboembolism risk assessment models for hospitalized medical patients: comparative evidence, implementation challenges, and future directions.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- CT Pulmonary Angiogram Clinical Pretest Probability Tool: Impact on Emergency Department Utilization.Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR · 2024Article
- Review
- Incidental deep venous thrombosis diagnosed on lower extremity computed tomography is a rare but clinically impactful finding.Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders · 2024Article
- Guidelines on deep vein thrombosis of the Brazilian Society of Angiology and Vascular Surgery.Jornal vascular brasileiro · 2024Article
- Post-implementation usability evaluation of a human factors-based clinical decision support for pulmonary embolism (PE) diagnosis (Dx): PE Dx Study Part 1.Human factors in healthcare · 2023Article
- The UCLA ATLAS Community Health Initiative: Promoting precision health research in a diverse biobank.Cell genomics · 2023Article
- Effect of bisphosphonates on selected markers of bone turnover in patients after total knee arthroplasty.International orthopaedics · 2022Article
- Non-contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging technique diagnoses DVT and classifies thrombus.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2022Article
- Evaluation of the diagnostic management of deep vein thrombosis in the emergency department of a tertiary hospital in Santa Catarina, Brazil: a cross-sectional study.Jornal vascular brasileiro · 2022Article
- Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Elective Spine Surgery.Global spine journal · 2021Article
- The predictive value of platelet to lymphocyte ratio and D-dimer to fibrinogen ratio combined with WELLS score on lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in young patients with cerebral hemorrhage.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2021Article
- Asia-Pacific venous thromboembolism consensus in knee and hip arthroplasty and hip fracture surgery: Part 1. Diagnosis and risk factors.Knee surgery & related research · 2021Review
- Comparison of Enoxaparin and Rivaroxaban in the Prophylaxis of Deep Venous Thrombosis in Arthroplasty.Emergency medicine international · 2021Article
- Risk factors for potential pulmonary embolism in the patients with deep venous thrombosis: a retrospective study.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2020Article
- Effect of self-calf massage on the prevention of deep vein thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty: A randomized clinical trial.Physical therapy research · 2020Article
- The Design of PE Dx, a CDS to Support Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis in the ED.Studies in health technology and informatics · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThis review summarizes the evidence regarding the efficacy of techniques for diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism.
methodsWe searched for studies using MEDLINE, MICROMEDEX, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews through June 2006. We reviewed randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews of trials, and observational studies if no trials were available. Paired reviewers assessed the quality of each included article and abstracted the data into summary tables. Heterogeneity in study designs precluded mathematical combination of the results of the primary literature.
resultsOur review found 22 relevant systematic reviews and 36 primary studies. The evidence strongly supports the use of clinical prediction rules, particularly the Wells model, for establishing the pretest probability of DVT or pulmonary embolism in a patient before ordering more definitive testing. Fifteen studies support that when a D-dimer assay is negative and a clinical prediction rule suggests a low probability of DVT or pulmonary embolism, the negative predictive value is high enough to justify foregoing imaging studies in many patients. The evidence in 5 systematic reviews regarding the use of D-dimer, in isolation, is strong and demonstrates sensitivities of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative rapid ELISA, pooled across studies, of approximately 95%. Eight systematic reviews found that the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography for diagnosis of DVT vary by vein; ultrasonography performs best for diagnosis of symptomatic, proximal vein thrombosis, with pooled sensitivities of 89% to 96%. The sensitivity of single-detector helical computed tomography for diagnosis of pulmonary embolism varied widely across studies and was below 90% in 4 of 9 studies; more studies are needed to determine the sensitivity of multidetector scanners.
conclusionsWhile the strength of the evidence varies across questions, it is generally strong.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.