ArticleMicrobiology (Reading, England)2007
Salmonella typhimurium flhE, a conserved flagellar regulon gene required for swarming.
Article in Microbiology (Reading, England), 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oral bacterium contributes to periodontal inflammation by forming advanced glycation end products.Infection and immunity · 2025Article
- FlhE functions as a chaperone to prevent formation of periplasmic flagella in Gram-negative bacteria.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The Role of Flagellum and Flagellum-Based Motility onMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Genomic Features of the Bundle-Forming HeliobacteriumMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Article
- Genetic analysis of revertants isolated from the rod-fragileBiophysics and physicobiology · 2016Article
- Structure of Salmonella FlhE, conserved member of a flagellar type III secretion operon.Journal of molecular biology · 2015Article
- Identification of novel factors involved in modulating motility of Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium.PloS one · 2014Article
- A chain mechanism for flagellum growth.Nature · 2013Article
- A bacterial glycan core linked to surface (S)-layer proteins modulates host immunity through Th17 suppression.Mucosal immunology · 2013Article
- Role of overexpressed CFA/I fimbriae in bacterial swimming.Physical biology · 2012Article
- High-throughput comparison of gene fitness among related bacteria.BMC genomics · 2012Article
- Loss of FlhE in the flagellar Type III secretion system allows proton influx into Salmonella and Escherichia coli.Molecular microbiology · 2012Article
- Water reservoir maintained by cell growth fuels the spreading of a bacterial swarm.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2012Article
- Swarming motility and the control of master regulators of flagellar biosynthesis.Molecular microbiology · 2012Review
- Separation of the bacterial species, Escherichia coli, from mixed-species microbial communities for transcriptome analysis.BMC microbiology · 2011Article
- Genes involved in Cronobacter sakazakii biofilm formation.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2010Article
- Mutations in flk, flgG, flhA, and flhE that affect the flagellar type III secretion specificity switch in Salmonella enterica.Journal of bacteriology · 2009Article
- Bacterial Swarming: A Model System for Studying Dynamic Self-assembly.Soft matter · 2009Article
- Coordinating assembly of a bacterial macromolecular machine.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2008Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The Salmonella typhimurium gene flhE is located at the end of a large flagellar locus in at least 10 peritrichously flagellated Gram-negative bacterial genera, but it shares no significant similarity with other genes. This study shows that flhE is transcribed as part of an flhBAE flagellar operon, under the control of the flagellar master regulator FlhD(2)C(2). Deletion of the chromosomal flhE gene did not affect swimming motility, but it abolished swarming motility across solid agar. Swarming was restored to the DeltaflhE mutant by the 130 aa putative envelope protein FlhE, but not by a truncated version lacking the N-terminal signal peptidase I recognition sequence. The DeltaflhE mutant was indistinguishable from the wild-type parent in number and distribution of flagella, secretion of flagellin subunits, and flagellar gene expression, and there were no obvious differences in cell-surface LPS and extracellular polysaccharide. The DeltaflhE mutant was able to swarm when non-ionic surfactant was included in agar medium, and it showed differences to the wild-type in binding calcofluor and Congo red dyes, and in biofilm production. The data show that the flhE gene is part of the flagella regulon but that it has no role in flagella biogenesis. It appears, nevertheless, to act at the cell envelope to influence flagella-dependent swarming.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.