ArticleJournal of bacteriology2007
The redox regulator Fnr is required for fermentative growth and enterotoxin synthesis in Bacillus cereus F4430/73.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Optical analysis of bacterial metabolic activity and spore germination via formazan formation.Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry · 2026Article
- The major toxins of Bacillus cereus - Current knowledge on distribution, regulation and mechanism of action.EXCLI journal · 2026Review
- Effects of intrinsic and extrinsic growth factors on virulence gene expression of foodborne pathogens in vitro and in food model systems; a review.Food science & nutrition · 2024Review
- From cereus to anthrax and back again: Assessment of the temperature-dependent phenotypic switching in the "cross-over" strainFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Cysteine Proteome Reveals Response to Endogenous Oxidative Stress inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- The Food Poisoning Toxins ofToxins · 2021Review
- Pore-Forming Toxins During Bacterial Infection: Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Targets.Drug design, development and therapy · 2021Review
- TheToxins · 2020Review
- Proteome profile changes during poly-hydroxybutyrate intracellular mobilization in gram positive Bacillus cereus tsu1.BMC microbiology · 2020Article
- Simulating Intestinal Growth Conditions Enhances Toxin Production of EnteropathogenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- Adaptation inFrontiers in microbiology · 2016Review
- Cytotoxic Potential of Bacillus cereus Strains ATCC 11778 and 14579 Against Human Lung Epithelial Cells Under Microaerobic Growth Conditions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Article
- Facultative Anaerobe Caldibacillus debilis GB1: Characterization and Use in a Designed Aerotolerant, Cellulose-Degrading Coculture with Clostridium thermocellum.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2015Article
- Bacterial iron-sulfur cluster sensors in mammalian pathogens.Metallomics : integrated biometal science · 2015Review
- Time dynamics of the Bacillus cereus exoproteome are shaped by cellular oxidation.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Article
- From genome to toxicity: a combinatory approach highlights the complexity of enterotoxin production in Bacillus cereus.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Article
- Nitric oxide as a regulator of B. anthracis pathogenicity.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Article
- Proteomics identifies Bacillus cereus EntD as a pivotal protein for the production of numerous virulence factors.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Article
- Proteomic evidences for rex regulation of metabolism in toxin-producing Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579.PloS one · 2014Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Glucose-grown cells of Bacillus cereus respond to anaerobiosis and low extracellular oxidoreduction potentials (ORP), notably by enhancing enterotoxin production. This response involves the ResDE two-component system. We searched the B. cereus genome for other redox response regulators potentially involved in this adaptive process, and we identified one gene encoding a protein predicted to have an amino acid sequence 58% identical (80% similar) to that of the Bacillus subtilis Fnr redox regulator. The fnr gene of the food-borne pathogen B. cereus F4430/73 has been cloned and partially characterized. We showed that fnr was up-regulated during anaerobic fermentation, especially when fermentation occurred at low ORP (under highly reducing conditions). The expression of fnr was down-regulated in the presence of O(2) and nitrate which, unlike fumarate, stimulated the respiratory pathways. The inactivation of B. cereus fnr abolished fermentative growth but only moderately affected aerobic and anaerobic nitrate respiratory growth. Analyses of glucose by-products and the transcription profiles of key catabolic genes confirmed the strong regulatory impact of Fnr on B. cereus fermentative pathways. More importantly, the fnr mutation strongly decreased the expression of PlcR-dependent hbl and nhe genes, leading to the absence of hemolysin BL (Hbl) and nonhemolytic enterotoxin (Nhe) secretion by the mutant. These data indicate that fnr is essential for both fermentation and toxinogenesis. The results also suggest that both Fnr and the ResDE two-component system belong to a redox regulatory pathway that functions at least partially independently of the pleiotropic virulence gene regulator PlcR to regulate enterotoxin gene expression.
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