ArticleThe American journal of pathology2007
The microenvironment controls CDX2 homeobox gene expression in colorectal cancer cells.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Overexpression of caudal-related homeobox transcription factor 2 inhibits the growth of transplanted colorectal tumors in nude mice.Molecular medicine reports · 2015Article
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- Article
- Article
- Molecular mechanisms of Barrett's esophagus.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2011Review
- Article
- The intestine-specific homeobox gene Cdx2 decreases mobility and antagonizes dissemination of colon cancer cells.Oncogene · 2008Article
- The role of transcription factor caudal-related homeobox transcription factor 2 in colorectal cancer.Tzu chi medical journalReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The homeobox gene CDX2 plays a major role in development, especially in the gut, and it also acts as a tumor suppressor in the adult colon. Using orthotopic and heterotopic xenografts of human primary colorectal tumor cells and cell lines in nude mice, we addressed the effect of the microenvironment on CDX2 expression. In cells expressing CDX2 at a high level in culture, this level was maintained in subcutaneous grafts but was reduced when implanted into the cecum wall. Reciprocally, in cells with low CDX2 expression in culture, the level remained low in grafts into the cecum wall but was stimulated subcutaneously. In vitro co-cultures showed that CDX2 expression was activated in cells grown on layers of skin fibroblasts but not on intestinal fibroblasts. The stimulation was transcriptional, as assessed by transfection experiments with reporter plasmids containing the murine Cdx2 promoter. Together, these data demonstrate experimentally that CDX2 expression is adaptable and strongly dependent on the microenvironment surrounding the tumor cells. We exclude a role of the Notch pathway in this regulation. The regulation of CDX2 by the microenvironment might be relevant during the process of metastatic dissemination when the gene is transiently turned down in invasive cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.