Trial reportPsychopharmacology2007
Euphoriant effects of nicotine in smokers: fact or artifact?
Trial report in Psychopharmacology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cigarette-by-cigarette satisfaction during ad libitum smoking.Journal of abnormal psychology · 2009Trial
- Reinforcement enhancement by nicotine: A novel abuse-liability assessment of e-cigarettes in young adults.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Nicotine Enhances Goal-Tracking in Ethanol and Food Pavlovian Conditioned Approach Paradigms.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
- Effects of nicotine, nornicotine and cotinine, alone or in combination, on locomotor activity and ultrasonic vocalization emission in adult rats.Psychopharmacology · 2020Article
- Differences in Subjective Experiences to First Use of Menthol and Nonmenthol Cigarettes in a National Sample of Young Adult Cigarette Smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2018Article
- Intermittent and daily smokers' subjective responses to smoking.Psychopharmacology · 2017Article
- Nicotine increases anterior insula activation to expected and unexpected outcomes among nonsmokers.Psychopharmacology · 2017Article
- Nicotine reinforcement in never-smokers.Psychopharmacology · 2015Article
- The incentive amplifying effects of nicotine are reduced by selective and non-selective dopamine antagonists in rats.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2014Article
- Factor structure of early smoking experiences and associations with smoking behavior: valence or sensitivity model?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2013Article
- Hooked on the nicotine addiction thesis: a response to DiFranza.Harm reduction journal · 2013Article
- If the data contradict the theory, throw out the data: Nicotine addiction in the 2010 report of the Surgeon General.Harm reduction journal · 2011Article
- Thwarting science by protecting the received wisdom on tobacco addiction from the scientific method.Harm reduction journal · 2010Article
- Empirical support for a multi-dimensional model of sensations experienced by youth during their initial smoking episodes.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
rationaleThe claim that nicotine in cigarettes is euphoriant to smokers is largely based on two studies (Pomerleau and Pomerleau, Psychopharmacology, 108:460-465, 1992; Tobacco Control, 3:374, 1994) in which smokers were instructed to respond to sensations of rush, buzz, or high while smoking low-nicotine or regular cigarettes. However, the assumption that these sensations are pleasurable was not tested and may have biased the results.
objectivesThe aim of this study was to re-examine the claim that smoked nicotine is euphoriant to smokers.
methodsStudy 1 surveyed the frequency and pleasantness of the smoking-related sensations of rush, buzz, and high in a sample of smokers. Study 2 replicated Pomerleau and Pomerleau (Psychopharmacology, 108:460-465, 1992) with two sets of instruction. One set, as in the original study, defined these sensations as pleasurable, whereas the other defined them as unpleasant.
resultsStudy 1 found that whereas rush and high were perceived as pleasant, buzz was unpleasant to most smokers. Study 2 found that under both sets of instructions, smokers reported more sensations when smoking the regular, as compared to the low-nicotine cigarette. Additionally, the sensations of rush, buzz, and high were rated as more pleasant under the pleasant instructions as compared to the unpleasant instructions. Finally, in the pleasant instructions condition, many participants reported having pressed the button to indicate a pleasurable sensation despite having actually experienced that sensation as unpleasant.
conclusionsOur results suggest that the findings of Pomerleau and Pomerleau (Psychopharmacology, 108:460-465, 1992; Tobacco Control, 3:374, 1994) may have been biased by the experimental instructions and cannot be taken as evidence that smoked nicotine is euphoriant to smokers.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.