ArticleBlood2007
The molecular basis of IL-21-mediated proliferation.
Article in Blood, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 174 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
174 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 309 citations in OpenAlex.
- Engineering cytokines for cancer immunotherapy: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- IL-21 controls CD8Zoological research · 2026Article
- Vaccinia virus armed with IL-21 can cure murine colorectal cancer liver metastases via intravenous administration.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Altered Cytokine-Induced STAT3 and STAT5 Activation of Peripheral T Follicular Helper Cells Contributes to Vaccine-Non-Responsiveness in Aging and HIV.Aging cell · 2026Article
- HIF-2α induction in de novo lipogenesis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis is dependent on IL-21 signaling.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- IL-21 enhances the cytotoxicity of intratumoral CD8+ T cells, improving radiation efficacy.JCI insight · 2026Article
- IL-21 Selectively Augments Cytotoxic Potential of Antigen-Activated MAIT Cells.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Impact of IL-21 on CAR T-cell manufacturing: phenotypic, metabolic, and functional outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Deletion of Ptpn2 in B cells promotes autoimmunity via TLR and JAK/STAT signaling.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Review
- Review
- Engineering adoptive cell therapy for solid tumors.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Design of a potent interleukin-21 mimic for cancer immunotherapy.Science immunology · 2025Article
- Presetting CAR-T cells during ex vivo biomanufacturing.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Cytolytic γδ T-cells and IFNγ-producing CD4-lymphocytes characterise the early response to MTBVAC tuberculosis vaccine.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- STAT Signature Dish: Serving Immunity with a Side of Dietary Control.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Expansion of B10 cellsInternational journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- IL-21 shapes the B cell response in a context-dependent manner.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Trifunctional antibody-cytokine fusion protein formats for tumor-targeted combination of IL-15 with IL-7 or IL-21.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
114 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a type I cytokine that modulates functions of T, B, natural killer (NK), and myeloid cells. The IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) is closely related to the IL-2 receptor beta chain and is capable of transducing signals through its dimerization with the common cytokine receptor gamma chain (gamma(c)), the protein whose expression is defective in humans with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency. To clarify the molecular basis of IL-21 actions, we investigated the role of tyrosine residues in the IL-21R cytoplasmic domain. Simultaneous mutation of all 6 tyrosines greatly diminished IL-21-mediated proliferation, whereas retention of tyrosine 510 (Y510) allowed full proliferation. Y510 efficiently mediated IL-21-induced phosphorylation of Stat1 and Stat3, but not of Stat5, and CD8(+) T cells from Stat1/Stat3 double knock-out mice exhibited decreased proliferation in response to IL-21 + IL-15. In addition, IL-21 weakly induced phosphorylation of Shc and Akt, and consistent with this, specific inhibitors of the MAPK and PI3K pathways inhibited IL-21-mediated proliferation. Collectively, these data indicate the involvement of the Jak-STAT, MAPK, and PI3K pathways in IL-21 signaling.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.