ArticleWorld journal of surgery2007
High expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2) is a predictor of improved survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Article in World journal of surgery, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of peri-operative prognostic biomarkers in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.HPB : the official journal of the International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association · 2016Pooled it
- Plasmin Generation Kinetics Reveal a Hyperfibrinolytic Phenotype in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.TH open : companion journal to thrombosis and haemostasis · 2026Article
- Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: tumor microenvironment and problems in the development of novel therapeutic strategies.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Review
- The Urokinase Plasminogen Activation System in Pancreatic Cancer: Prospective Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targets.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- SerpinB2 is involved in cellular response upon UV irradiation.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 as a Poor Prognostic Indicator in Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Chinese medical journal · 2018Article
- Low expression of SerpinB2 is associated with reduced survival in lung adenocarcinomas.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- A new long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is induced in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and down-regulates several anticancer and cell differentiation genes in mouse.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2017Article
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- A retrospective study of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) as a prognostic factor in cancer of the uterine cervix.International journal of clinical oncology · 2014Article
- FOXM1c promotes pancreatic cancer epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis via upregulation of expression of the urokinase plasminogen activator system.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2014Article
- PAI-1 leads to G1-phase cell-cycle progression through cyclin D3/cdk4/6 upregulation.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2014Article
- Low expression of PAI-2 as a novel marker of portal vein tumor thrombosis and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.World journal of surgery · 2013Article
- Regulation of the human plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 gene: cooperation of an upstream silencer and transactivator.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2012Article
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- Article
- Estrogen-induced uterine abnormalities in TIMP-1 deficient mice are associated with elevated plasmin activity and reduced expression of the novel uterine plasmin protease inhibitor serpinb7.Molecular reproduction and development · 2009Article
- Gene expression profiling of liver metastases and tumour invasion in pancreatic cancer using an orthotopic SCID mouse model.British journal of cancer · 2007Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveRecent findings suggest that the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), its receptor (uPAR), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and -2 (PAI-2) play key roles in cancer invasion. The prognostic value of components of this system is well established in breast cancer. However, little is known of its involvement in pancreatic cancer (PC).
methodsQuantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-RT-PCR) was used on tissue-banked specimens and immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin specimens was used to measure expression of uPA, uPAR, PAI-1, and PAI-2 proteins in 46 PC and 12 cystadenoma specimens. Results were related to survival using Cox's proportional hazards testing.
resultsIncreased expression of uPA, uPAR, and PAI-1 in PC tissue were independently associated with a higher Union Internationale Contre le Cancer [International Union Against Cancer (UICC)] tumor stage (P < 0.001) and were intercorrelated (P < 0.001). Overexpression of uPAR indicated reduced survival (P = 0.03). Conversely, PAI-2 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) overexpression, which occurred in 21 of 46 tumors, negatively correlated with tumor size (P = 0.008) and survival (P < 0.007) but not with uPA, uPAR, or tumor stage. There was good agreement between PAI-2 mRNA value and IHC score (P < 0.001). Using Cox's stepwise analysis, PAI-2 mRNA value (HR = 0.24; P = 0.001) and UICC tumor stage (HR = 2.014; P = 0.001) independently predicted survival. An IHC score for PAI-2 of 3+ or 4+ also independently predicted improved survival (HR = 2.72; P = 0.025).
conclusionsThe uPA/uPAR/PAI-1 system is activated in advanced pancreatic cancer and may account for the tumor's aggressive behavior, whereas PAI-2 expression appears to be independent of uPA/uPAR/PAI-1 and is associated with improved prognosis. Because of its intercorrelation with mRNA expression, PAI-2 IHC may be used as an indicator of survival.
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