ArticleJournal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)2007
Surface anchorage of superantigen SEA promotes induction of specific antitumor immune response by tumor-derived exosomes.
Article in Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany), 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phase I clinical trial of autologous ascites-derived exosomes combined with GM-CSF for colorectal cancer.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2008Trial
- The role of exosomes in bladder cancer immunotherapy.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2025Review
- Tumor-derived exosomes as promising tools for cancer diagnosis and therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Tumor cell membrane-based vaccines: A potential boost for cancer immunotherapy.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2024Review
- Review
- Engineered tumor cell-derived vaccines against cancer: The art of combating poison with poison.Bioactive materials · 2023Review
- Gp350-anchored extracellular vesicles: promising vehicles for delivering therapeutic drugs of B cell malignancies.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2022Article
- Cancer exosomes and natural killer cells dysfunction: biological roles, clinical significance and implications for immunotherapy.Molecular cancer · 2022Review
- Tumor-derived exosomes: the next generation of promising cell-free vaccines in cancer immunotherapy.Oncoimmunology · 2020Review
- Tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs): How to avoid the sting in the tail.Medicinal research reviews · 2020Review
- Exosomes from heat-stressed tumour cells inhibit tumour growth by converting regulatory T cells to Th17 cells via IL-6.Immunology · 2018Article
- Extracellular vesicles as a platform for membrane-associated therapeutic protein delivery.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2018Review
- In vitro effects of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin C3 on T cell activation, proliferation and cytokine production.Molecular medicine reports · 2017Article
- Antitumor HPV E7-specific CTL activity elicited by in vivo engineered exosomes produced through DNA inoculation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2017Article
- The CD8⁺ T Cell-Mediated Immunity Induced by HPV-E6 Uploaded in Engineered Exosomes Is Improved by ISCOMATRIXVaccines · 2016Article
- Regulation of chronic inflammatory and immune processes by extracellular vesicles.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2016Review
- Staphylococcal enterotoxin B/texosomes as a candidate for breast cancer immunotherapy.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2016Article
- Exosomes for Immunoregulation and Therapeutic Intervention in Cancer.Journal of Cancer · 2016Review
- Review
- The exosomes in tumor immunity.Oncoimmunology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosomes have been regarded as a new kind of cancer vaccine; however, their therapeutic efficacy needs to be further improved. Superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA)-coated tumor cells have been shown to potently induce tumor-specific T cell response. To increase efficacy of tumor-derived exosomes to induce antitumor immune response, we modified the exosomes by protein transfer of SEA tailed with a highly hydrophobic transmembrane domain (SEA-TM) and designated those SEA-TM-anchored exosomes as Exo/SEA-TM. We found the exosomes secreted from murine lymphoma E.G7-OVA cell line were round vesicles with the sizes of 40-100 nm limited by a bilayer membrane. Interestingly, the inner structure of the exosomes were visible under the transmission electron microscope; those "honeycomb-like" inner structure has not been described by other labs. Immunization with Exo/SEA-TM inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival of the mice challenged with parental tumor cells more significantly than with exosomes (Exo) and even more than with the mixture of exosomes and SEA-TM. The results of mixed lymphocyte-tumor reaction (MLTR) showed that the increased IL-2, IFN-gamma secretion, and specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) could be effectively induced from the splenic lymphocytes of the mice immunized with Exo/SEA-TM. In vivo depletion experiments showed that CD8(+) T cells are the main effector cells, and both CD4(+) T cells and NK cells are also involved in the antitumor effect of Exo/SEA-TM immunization. Therefore, tumor-derived exosomes surface anchored with SEA-TM can efficiently induce tumor-specific CTL thereby resulting in more potent inhibition of tumor growth. Our data provide an efficient and novel approach to tumor immunotherapy by protein modification of tumor-derived exosomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.