ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2007
Alleviation of 1,N6-ethanoadenine genotoxicity by the Escherichia coli adaptive response protein AlkB.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Catalytic Mechanism of the Bacterial Non-Heme Fe(II) and 2-Oxoglutarate Dependent Enzyme AlkB with Single-Stranded DNA Containing Complex Guanine Adducts.Inorganic chemistry · 2025Article
- Article
- DNA Alkylation Damage by Nitrosamines and Relevant DNA Repair Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Spectroscopic and in vitro Investigations of FeChembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2022Review
- 7,8-Dihydro-8-oxo-1,N6-ethenoadenine: an exclusively Hoogsteen-paired thymine mimic in DNA that induces A→T transversions in Escherichia coli.Nucleic acids research · 2022Article
- Biological Evaluation of DNA Biomarkers in a Chemically Defined and Site-Specific Manner.Toxics · 2019Review
- DNA repair enzymes ALKBH2, ALKBH3, and AlkB oxidize 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine in vitro.Nucleic acids research · 2019Article
- 1,3-Butadiene-Induced Adenine DNA Adducts Are Genotoxic but Only Weakly Mutagenic When Replicated in Escherichia coli of Various Repair and Replication Backgrounds.Chemical research in toxicology · 2017Article
- Oncometabolites d- and l-2-Hydroxyglutarate Inhibit the AlkB Family DNA Repair Enzymes under Physiological Conditions.Chemical research in toxicology · 2017Article
- Roles of Aag, Alkbh2, and Alkbh3 in the Repair of Carboxymethylated and Ethylated Thymidine Lesions.ACS chemical biology · 2016Article
- Adaptive Response Enzyme AlkB Preferentially Repairs 1-Methylguanine and 3-Methylthymine Adducts in Double-Stranded DNA.Chemical research in toxicology · 2016Article
- Comprehensive Assessment of Oxidatively Induced Modifications of DNA in a Rat Model of Human Wilson's Disease.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2016Article
- Quantitative measurement of transcriptional inhibition and mutagenesis induced by site-specifically incorporated DNA lesions in vitro and in vivo.Nature protocols · 2015Article
- The AlkB Family of Fe(II)/α-Ketoglutarate-dependent Dioxygenases: Repairing Nucleic Acid Alkylation Damage and Beyond.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2015Review
- Next-generation sequencing reveals the biological significance of the N(2),3-ethenoguanine lesion in vivo.Nucleic acids research · 2015Article
- Mechanism of repair of acrolein- and malondialdehyde-derived exocyclic guanine adducts by the α-ketoglutarate/Fe(II) dioxygenase AlkB.Chemical research in toxicology · 2014Article
- Nucleic acid oxidation in DNA damage repair and epigenetics.Chemical reviews · 2014Review
- Protozoan ALKBH8 oxygenases display both DNA repair and tRNA modification activities.PloS one · 2014Article
- Removal of N-alkyl modifications from N(2)-alkylguanine and N(4)-alkylcytosine in DNA by the adaptive response protein AlkB.Chemical research in toxicology · 2013Article
- AlkB dioxygenase preferentially repairs protonated substrates: specificity against exocyclic adducts and molecular mechanism of action.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
1,N(6)-ethanoadenine (EA) forms through the reaction of adenine in DNA with the antitumor agent 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, a chemotherapeutic used to combat various brain, head, and neck tumors. Previous studies of the toxic and mutagenic properties of the DNA adduct EA have been limited to in vitro experiments using mammalian polymerases and have revealed the lesion to be both miscoding and genotoxic. This work explores lesion bypass and mutagenicity of EA replicated in vivo and demonstrates that EA is neither toxic nor mutagenic in wild-type Escherichia coli. Although the base excision repair glycosylase enzymes of both humans and E. coli possess a weak ability to act on the lesion in vitro, an in vivo repair pathway has not yet been demonstrated. Here we show that an enzyme mechanistically unrelated to DNA glycosylases, the adaptive response protein AlkB, is capable of acting on EA via its canonical mechanism of oxidative dealkylation. The reaction alleviates the unrepaired adduct's potent toxicity through metabolism at the C8 position (attached to N1 of adenine), producing a nontoxic and weakly mutagenic N(6) adduct. AlkB is shown here to be a geno-protective agent that reduces the toxicity of DNA damage by converting the primary adduct to a less toxic secondary product.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.