ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2007
Instant effect of soluble antigen on effector T cells in peripheral immune organs during immunotherapy of autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dosage and organic acid residue of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoproteinExperimental animals · 2025Article
- Induction and Assessment of Activation in Rat Effector CD4Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of antigen-induced reversal of CNS inflammation in experimental demyelinating disease.Science advances · 2023Article
- Distinct roles of the meningeal layers in CNS autoimmunity.Nature neuroscience · 2022Article
- The lung microbiome regulates brain autoimmunity.Nature · 2022Article
- 2-Methoxyestradiol and its derivatives inhibit store-operated CaBiochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research · 2021Article
- Visualizing context-dependent calcium signaling in encephalitogenic T cells in vivo by two-photon microscopy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- Live Imaging of Immune Responses in Experimental Models of Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2016Review
- A combination of fluorescent NFAT and H2B sensors uncovers dynamics of T cell activation in real time during CNS autoimmunity.Nature medicine · 2013Article
- Peripheral tolerance and autoimmunity: lessons from in vivo imaging.Immunologic research · 2013Review
- 2-photon imaging of phagocyte-mediated T cell activation in the CNS.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2013Article
- Article
- High-resolution, noninvasive longitudinal live imaging of immune responses.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2011Article
- Dynamics of dendritic cell-T cell interactions: a role in T cell outcome.Seminars in immunopathology · 2010Review
- Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate-mediated calcium signalling in effector T cells regulates autoimmunity of the central nervous system.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2010Article
- Effector T cell interactions with meningeal vascular structures in nascent autoimmune CNS lesions.Nature · 2009Article
- Behavior of parasite-specific effector CD8+ T cells in the brain and visualization of a kinesis-associated system of reticular fibers.Immunity · 2009Article
- Targeting of myelin protein zero in a spontaneous autoimmune polyneuropathy.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2008Article
- A CD28 superagonistic antibody elicits 2 functionally distinct waves of T cell activation in rats.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2008Article
- Choreography of cell motility and interaction dynamics imaged by two-photon microscopy in lymphoid organs.Annual review of immunology · 2008Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
i.v. infusion of native autoantigen or its altered peptide variants is an important therapeutic option for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, because it selectively targets the disease-inducing T cells. To learn more about the mechanisms and kinetics of this approach, we visualized the crucial initial effects of i.v. infusion of peptides or intact protein on GFP-tagged autoaggressive CD4(+) effector T cells using live-video and two-photon in situ imaging of spleens in living animals. We found that the time interval between i.v. injection of intact protein to first changes in T cell behavior was extremely short; within 10 min after protein application, the motility of the T cells changed drastically. They slowed down and became tethered to local sessile stromal cells. A part of the cells aggregated to form clusters. Within the following 20 min, IFN-gamma mRNA was massively (>100-fold) up-regulated; surface IL-2 receptor and OX-40 (CD 134) increased 1.5 h later. These processes depleted autoimmune T cells in the blood circulation, trapping the cells in the peripheral lymphoid organs and thus preventing them from invading the CNS. This specific blockage almost completely abrogated CNS inflammation and clinical disease. These findings highlight the speed and efficiency of antigen recognition in vivo and add to our understanding of T cell-mediated autoimmunity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.