ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2007
Obesity induces a phenotypic switch in adipose tissue macrophage polarization.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2,537 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2,537 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 4,525 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The interplay between the adrenergic system and obesity: a systematic review.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Pooled it
- Neutrophils as indicators of obesity-associated inflammation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Immune-modulating effects of energy-restricted ketogenic diet in women with overweight and obesity: KETO-MINOX study.European journal of nutrition · 2026Trial
- High intensity functional training versus traditional resistance training effects on inflammatory, metabolic, and physical outcomes in overweight men a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Effect of blueberry consumption on regulatory lymphocyte phenotypes and NK cell functional activity in middle-aged and older adults with overweight or obesity: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Trial
- Adipose Tissue Immunosuppressive T Cells Regulate Atherosclerosis Development and Liver Fat Accumulation in Obesity.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026Article
- Liraglutide ameliorates obese type 2 diabetes by regulating macrophage cholesterol metabolism and H3K27ac modification to promote M2 polarization and adipocyte thermogenic activation.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Race, Diet, and Cardiometabolic Risk in US Young Adults: A Biosocial Framework Integrating Biological Mechanisms and Structural Inequities Toward Precision Nutrition.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Integrative bioinformatics and machine learning reveal hub genes and immune signatures bridging type 2 diabetes mellitus, fracture susceptibility, and osteoblast differentiation dysfunction.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2026Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Obesity-Associated Oxidative Stress and Therapeutic Strategies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Immunometabolism in Obesity-Associated Type 2 Diabetes: Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Semaglutide Attenuates Inflammatory Macrophage Polarization and Promotes Changes Associated with Mitochondrial Biogenesis Through cAMP-Dependent Signaling.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoints and immunoregulation in metabolic diseases and cancers: pathological mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Impact of Body Size on Preclinical Type 1 Diabetes Development and Progression.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Obesity accelerates aging: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Whole-exome sequencing-centered genetic evaluation for early-onset obesity in Chinese children: a retrospective single-center cohort.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Comorbidities and Inflammation: How Chronic Diseases Prime the Host Response in Sepsis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
2,477 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) infiltrate adipose tissue during obesity and contribute to insulin resistance. We hypothesized that macrophages migrating to adipose tissue upon high-fat feeding may differ from those that reside there under normal diet conditions. To this end, we found a novel F4/80(+)CD11c(+) population of ATMs in adipose tissue of obese mice that was not seen in lean mice. ATMs from lean mice expressed many genes characteristic of M2 or "alternatively activated" macrophages, including Ym1, arginase 1, and Il10. Diet-induced obesity decreased expression of these genes in ATMs while increasing expression of genes such as those encoding TNF-alpha and iNOS that are characteristic of M1 or "classically activated" macrophages. Interestingly, ATMs from obese C-C motif chemokine receptor 2-KO (Ccr2-KO) mice express M2 markers at levels similar to those from lean mice. The antiinflammatory cytokine IL-10, which was overexpressed in ATMs from lean mice, protected adipocytes from TNF-alpha-induced insulin resistance. Thus, diet-induced obesity leads to a shift in the activation state of ATMs from an M2-polarized state in lean animals that may protect adipocytes from inflammation to an M1 proinflammatory state that contributes to insulin resistance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.