ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2007
Toxin-antitoxin systems are ubiquitous and plasmid-encoded in vancomycin-resistant enterococci.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pheromone cCF10 Enhances Persister Formation inMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Toxin dimerization and a distinct DNA-binding architecture define chromosomal Phd-Doc regulation.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- A short antimicrobial peptides family demonstrates efficacy to infection via a multimodal mechanism of action.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- A noncanonical intrinsic terminator in the HicAB toxin-antitoxin operon promotes the transmission of conjugative antibiotic resistance plasmids.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Evaluating the antibacterial effect of meropenem-loaded chitosan/sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) nanoparticles on Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from hospitalized patients.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Enterococcus faecalis: implications for host health.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2024Review
- Type II and IV toxin-antitoxin systems coordinately stabilize the integrative and conjugative element of the ICESa2603 family conferring multiple drug resistance in Streptococcus suis.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Enterococcal Probiotic Usage and Review of Potential Health Benefits, Safety, and Risk of Antibiotic-Resistant Strain Emergence.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Comparative genomics reveals extensive intra-species genetic divergence of the prevalent gut commensalMicrobial genomics · 2023Article
- Enterococcal Linear Plasmids Adapt to Enterococcus faecium and Spread within Multidrug-Resistant Clades.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Collateral sensitivity to pleuromutilins in vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Deciphering the genetic network and programmed regulation of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial pathogens.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Conjugative plasmid-encoded toxin-antitoxin system PrpT/PrpA directly controls plasmid copy number.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Antibiotic resistance plasmid composition and architecture in Escherichia coli isolates from meat.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Antibiotic Administration Routes and Oral Exposure to Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria as Key Drivers for Gut Microbiota Disruption and Resistome in Poultry.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Two New Plasmid Post-segregational Killing Mechanisms for the Implementation of Synthetic Gene Networks in Escherichia coli.iScience · 2019Article
- Prevalence of Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Resistance Determinants and Virulence-Related Genetic Elements in Plasmids ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- ClpAP protease is a universal factor that activates the parDE toxin-antitoxin system from a broad host range RK2 plasmid.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Effect of mazEF, higBA and relBE toxin-antitoxin systems on antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus isolates.Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi · 2018Article
- Autoregulation and Virulence Control by the Toxin-Antitoxin System SavRS in Staphylococcus aureus.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are common hospital pathogens that are resistant to most major classes of antibiotics. The incidence of VRE is increasing rapidly, to the point where over one-quarter of enterococcal infections in intensive care units are now resistant to vancomycin. The exact mechanism by which VRE maintains its plasmid-encoded resistance genes is ill-defined, and novel targets for the treatment of VRE are lacking. In an effort to identify novel protein targets for the treatment of VRE infections, we probed the plasmids obtained from 75 VRE isolates for the presence of toxin-antitoxin (TA) gene systems. Remarkably, genes for one particular TA pair, the mazEF system (originally identified on the Escherichia coli chromosome), were present on plasmids from 75/75 (100%) of the isolates. Furthermore, mazEF was on the same plasmid as vanA in the vast majority of cases (>90%). Plasmid stability tests and RT-PCR raise the possibility that this plasmid-encoded mazEF is indeed functional in enterococci. Given this ubiquity of mazEF in VRE and the deleterious activity of the MazF toxin, disruption of mazEF with pharmacological agents is an attractive strategy for tailored antimicrobial therapy.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.