ArticleOccupational and environmental medicine2007
Percutaneous absorption of aromatic amines in rubber industry workers: impact of impaired skin and skin barrier creams.
Article in Occupational and environmental medicine, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- S2k guideline occupational skin products: skin protection creams, skin cleansing and skin care products.Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2026Guideline
- Quantification of systemic o-toluidine after intrathecal administration of hyperbaric prilocaine in humans: a prospective cohort study.Archives of toxicology · 2021Trial
- Effectiveness of skin protection creams in the prevention of occupational dermatitis: results of a randomized, controlled trial.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2009Trial
- Comprehensive urinary metabolite profiles of workers exposed to aniline, 2,4-dimethylaniline, and 2-methylaniline.Journal of occupational health · 2026Article
- Evaluation of haematological, genotoxic, cytotoxic and ATR-FTIR alterations in blood cells of fish Channa punctatus after acute exposure of aniline.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Health Risk Assessment of Ortho-Toluidine Utilising Human Biomonitoring Data of Workers and the General Population.Toxics · 2022Article
- Potential health effects associated with dermal exposure to occupational chemicals.Environmental health insights · 2014Review
- Absorption of chemicals through compromised skin.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2009Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSeveral aromatic amines (AA) could cause bladder cancer and are an occupational hygiene problem in the workplace. However, little is known about the percutaneous absorption of chemicals via impaired skin and about the efficacy of skin protection measures to reduce internal exposure.
aimsTo determine the impact of skin status and of skin protection measures on the internal exposure to AA in workers manufacturing rubber products.
methods51 workers occupationally exposed to aniline and o-toluidine were examined. The workplace conditions, risk factors for skin and the use of personal protective equipment were assessed by means of a self-administered questionnaire. The skin of hands and forearms was clinically examined. Exposure to aniline and o-toluidine was assessed by ambient air and biological monitoring (analyses of urine samples and of haemoglobin adducts).
resultsHaemoglobin-AA-adduct levels in workers with erythema (73%) were significantly higher (p<0.04) than in workers with healthy skin (mean values: aniline 1150.4 ng/l vs 951.7 ng/l, o-toluidine 417.9 ng/l vs 118.3 ng/l). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that wearing gloves significantly reduced the internal exposure. A frequent use of skin barrier creams leads to a higher internal exposure of AA (p<0.03). However, the use of skincare creams at the workplace was associated with a reduced internal exposure (p<0.03). From these findings we assume that internal exposure of the workers resulted primarily from the percutaneous uptake.
conclusionsThe study demonstrates a significantly higher internal exposure to AA in workers with impaired skin compared with workers with healthy skin. Daily wearing of gloves efficiently reduced internal exposure. However, an increased use of skin barrier creams enhances the percutaneous uptake of AA. Skincare creams seem to support skin regeneration and lead to reduced percutaneous uptake.
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