ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2007
IL-9 promotes anti-Mycobacterium leprae cytotoxicity: involvement of IFNgamma.
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune mediators as plasma biomarkers for identifying household contacts and classifying clinical forms and leprosy reactions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Emerging Roles of Adaptive Immune Response in Alzheimer's Disease.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- CD4Cells · 2024Review
- Different profiles of chemokines, cytokines and cell growth factors in plasma samples from patients with leprosy, leprosy reactions and households contacts.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2024Article
- Upregulated Expression of the IL-9 Receptor on TRAF3-Deficient B Lymphocytes Confers Ig Isotype Switching Responsiveness to IL-9 in the Presence of Antigen Receptor Engagement and IL-4.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- A Series of 35 Cutaneous Infections Caused byJournal of tropical medicine · 2023Article
- Modulation of the Response toFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Advances in the Immunology and Genetics of Leprosy.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Article
- Leprosy As a Complex Infection: Breakdown of the Th1 and Th2 Immune Paradigm in the Immunopathogenesis of the Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Chlamydial lung infection induces transient IL-9 production which is redundant for host defense against primary infection.PloS one · 2015Article
- Article
- IL-9 regulates allergen-specific Th1 responses in allergic contact dermatitis.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2014Article
- Neutralization of IL-9 ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by decreasing the effector T cell population.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2010Article
- IL-9: basic biology, signaling pathways in CD4+ T cells and implications for autoimmunity.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2010Review
- Comparison of Serum Levels of Interleukin 17 and Interleukin 9 in Leprosy Patients with and without Lepra Reaction: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study from Central India.Indian journal of dermatologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukin 9 (IL-9) is a T-cell derived factor preferentially expressed by CD4+ Th2 cells and it has been characterized both in human and murine systems. It is a pleiotropic cytokine with multiple functions on cells of the lymphoid, myeloid and mast cell lineages, as well as on lung epithelial cells. Other activities described for IL-9 support its contribution to asthma and its important role in helminthic infections, where a Th2 response can be protective and IL-9 enhances resistance or is responsible for elimination of the nematode. Nevertheless, until recently there were no studies on its role in bacterial infections in man. We have demonstrated that cytokines can modulate the specific cytotoxicity generation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from leprosy patients and normal controls. In the present report we studied the effect of IL-9 in this experimental model. Our results indicate that IL-9 can counteract the negative effect mediated by IL-4 on the generation of M. leprae-induced cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Moreover, it can increase this lytic activity in controls and enhance the stimulatory effect of IL-2 or IL-6 in cells from leprosy patients and controls. IL-9 is also able to revert the inhibitory effect of IL-10 and IL-13 on the M. leprae-induced cytotoxic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action of IL-9 remains to be determined, interferon gamma seems to be required for the effect of IL-9 in this experimental model. These data suggest that IL-9 may have an atypical Th2 behaviour and play a role in the modulation of the immune response to mycobacterial infections.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.