Evidence map›Paper›PMID 17174328›Full record

ArticleJournal of molecular biology2007

Amino acid contribution to protein solubility: Asp, Glu, and Ser contribute more favorably than the other hydrophilic amino acids in RNase Sa.

Saul R Trevino, J Martin Scholtz, C Nick Pace

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of molecular biology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
102citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

102 citing papers in PubMed, 267 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Engineering of a Carbonic Anhydrase fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
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  4. Phosphate- and pH-dependent self-assembly of recombinant spider silk proteins.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026
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  19. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
  20. Article

42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Saul R TrevinoDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
J Martin Scholtz
C Nick Pace
Texas A&M University · US

Funding

ENERGETICS AND MECHANISM OF FOLDING OF RIBONUCLEASE T1R01GM037039 · NIGMS · TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCE CTR · PI PACE, CARLOS N · 1986 to 2006
$1.6M
LOCAL AND LONG RANGE INTERACTIONS IN PROTEIN FOLDINGR01GM052483 · NIGMS · TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCE CTR · PI SCHOLTZ, J. MARTIN · 2001 to 2004
$806k
Graduate Training in Molecular BiophysicsT32GM065088 · NIGMS · TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCE CTR · PI REINHART, GREGORY DUNCAN · 2003 to 2007
$572k
HIERARCHY OF PROTEIN FOLDING AND STABILITYR29GM052483 · NIGMS · TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCE CTR · PI SCHOLTZ, J. MARTIN · 1995 to 1999
–
NIGMS NIH HHS GM-37039NIGMS NIH HHS GM-52483NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM037039NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM052483NIGMS NIH HHS R29 GM052483NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM065088
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Poor protein solubility is a common problem in high-resolution structural studies, formulation of protein pharmaceuticals, and biochemical characterization of proteins. One popular strategy to improve protein solubility is to use site-directed mutagenesis to make hydrophobic to hydrophilic mutations on the protein surface. However, a systematic investigation of the relative contributions of all 20 amino acids to protein solubility has not been done. Here, 20 variants at the completely solvent-exposed position 76 of ribonuclease (RNase) Sa are made to compare the contributions of each amino acid. Stability measurements were also made for these variants, which occur at the i+1 position of a type II beta-turn. Solubility measurements in ammonium sulfate solutions were made at high positive net charge, low net charge, and high negative net charge. Surprisingly, there was a wide range of contributions to protein solubility even among the hydrophilic amino acids. The results suggest that aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and serine contribute significantly more favorably than the other hydrophilic amino acids especially at high net charge. Therefore, to increase protein solubility, asparagine, glutamine, or threonine should be replaced with aspartic acid, glutamic acid or serine.

Indexed as

SolubilityAmino AcidsAmmonium SulfateAspartic AcidElectric ConductivityExoribonucleasesGlutamic AcidHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsProteinsProtein Structure, TertiaryRibonucleasesSaltsSerineStructure-Activity RelationshipAmino AcidsAmmonium SulfateAspartic AcidExoribonucleasesGlutamic Acidnuclease HProteinsRibonucleasesribonuclease Sa3SaltsSerine

Identifiers

PMID17174328
PMCPMC2771383
OpenAlexW2044170132

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.