ArticleMolecular and cellular biology1991
The herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase is expressed in the testes of transgenic mice under the control of a cryptic promoter.
Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 1991. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Germ cell depletion using HSV-TK in mouse testes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Establishment of Cre/LoxP-mediated multifunctional reporter knock-in rats with the CRISPR system.PloS one · 2025Article
- Improving the Safety of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-BasedMolecules and cells · 2022Article
- A 50-bp enhancer of the mouse acrosomal vesicle protein 1 gene activates round spermatid-specific transcription in vivo†.Biology of reproduction · 2019Article
- Increased Cytotoxicity of Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase Expression in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Cre/lox-assisted non-invasive in vivo tracking of specific cell populations by positron emission tomography.Nature communications · 2017Article
- Detection of human herpesviruses (HHVs) in semen of human male infertile patients.The Journal of reproduction and development · 2013Article
- A transgenic tri-modality reporter mouse.PloS one · 2013Article
- Therapeutic efficacy of human hepatocyte transplantation in a SCID/uPA mouse model with inducible liver disease.PloS one · 2010Article
- Recovery of myelin after induction of oligodendrocyte cell death in postnatal brain.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2005Article
- Bigenic Cre/loxP, puDeltatk conditional genetic ablation.Nucleic acids research · 2004Article
- Mice deficient for the ets transcription factor elk-1 show normal immune responses and mildly impaired neuronal gene activation.Molecular and cellular biology · 2004Article
- Expression of thymidine kinase driven by an endothelial-specific promoter inhibits tumor growth of Lewis lung carcinoma cells in transgenic mice.Gene therapy · 2003Article
- The cryptic enhancer elements of the tCUP promoter.Plant molecular biology · 2003Article
- Fertile homozygous transgenic mice expressing a functional truncated herpes simplex thymidine kinase delta TK gene.Transgenic research · 1998Article
- Conditional ablation of cerebellar astrocytes in postnatal transgenic mice.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 1996Article
- A promoter identified in the 3' end of the Ac transposon can be activated by cis-acting elements in transgenic Arabidopsis lines.Plant molecular biology · 1996Article
- A truncated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase phosphorylates thymidine and nucleoside analogs and does not cause sterility in transgenic mice.Molecular and cellular biology · 1995Article
- Suppression of erythro-megakaryocytopoiesis and the induction of reversible thrombocytopenia in mice transgenic for the thymidine kinase gene targeted by the platelet glycoprotein alpha IIb promoter.The Journal of experimental medicine · 1995Article
- Reporter genes in transgenic mice.Transgenic research · 1994Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We reported previously that the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) thymidine kinase reporter gene (tk) was expressed in the testes of transgenic mice when coupled to the promoter of a liver-specific mouse major urinary protein (MUP) gene. Here we show that HSV-1 tk is also expressed in the testis when coupled to a MUP pseudogene promoter, to a truncated MUP promoter that is not active in the liver, and to the promoter of the bovine thyroglobulin gene. Furthermore, HSV-1 tk itself was expressed in the testis, although its normal expression had been disabled by removing an upstream regulator of transcription. In every case, the same multiple transcripts were observed, with their 5' ends located downstream of the normal HSV-1 tk translation initiation codon. We conclude that the transcription of HSV-1 tk in the testis is directed by a cryptic TATA box-independent promoter located in the coding region of the gene. The longest HSV-1 thymidine kinase (TK) polypeptides synthesized in the testis were shorter than full-length TK and probably result from translational initiation at Met46 and Met60, the second and third ATG codons of the tk reading frame. Male mice of most transgenic lines were sterile, and the severity of the lesion in spermatogenesis was directly related to the level of TK expression. In the most highly expressing lines, sperm counts were low and morphologically defective sperm were common. In other sterile lines, TK was expressed at a lower level and sperm counts were normal but sperm motility was greatly reduced. Lines with the lowest levels of HSV-1 TK expression were fertile. HSV-1 TK was expressed in germ line cells, mainly in the haploid spermatids. However, low-level HSV-1 TK activity was found in the testis before the first germ cells entered meiosis, showing that if expression is confined to the germ cells, it also occurs in spermatogonia.
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