ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2006
Prognostic value of PAI1 in invasive breast cancer: evidence that tumor-specific factors are more important than genetic variation in regulating PAI1 expression.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism contributes to cancer susceptibility: evidence from meta-analysis.PloS one · 2013Pooled it
- PAI-1 Polymorphisms Have Significant Associations With Cancer Risk, Especially Feminine Cancer.Technology in cancer research & treatmentPooled it
- Association of tissue mRNA and serum antigen levels of members of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator system with clinical and prognostic parameters in prostate cancer.BioMed research international · 2014Trial
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- Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cell Response to Tumors and Wounds: Evaluation of Patient Age.Stem cells and development · 2022Review
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- Identification of therapeutically potential targets and their ligands for the treatment of OSCC.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Exploring a possible association between the occurrence of theBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2021Article
- Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 promoter sequence variations in idiopathic osteonecrosis of head of femur.The Indian journal of medical research · 2021Article
- A Narrative Review on Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 and Its (Patho)Physiological Role: To Target or Not to Target?International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Visfatin Enhances Breast Cancer Progression through CXCL1 Induction in Tumor-Associated Macrophages.Cancers · 2020Article
- The plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 paradox in cancer: a mechanistic understanding.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2019Review
- p27 transcriptionally coregulates cJun to drive programs of tumor progression.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Article
- High glucose and insulin enhance uPA expression, ROS formation and invasiveness in breast cancer-derived cells.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2016Article
- Development of a Biomimetic Chondroitin Sulfate-modified Hydrogel to Enhance the Metastasis of Tumor Cells.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Plasminogen Activator System and Breast Cancer: Potential Role in Therapy Decision Making and Precision Medicine.Biomarker insights · 2016Review
- Increased Umbilical Cord PAI-1 Levels in Placental Insufficiency Are Associated with Fetal Hypoxia and Angiogenesis.Disease markers · 2016Article
- Osteoprotegerin secreted by inflammatory and invasive breast cancer cells induces aneuploidy, cell proliferation and angiogenesis.BMC cancer · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI1) can promote cancer progression, and its protein expression in tumors is an independent indicator of poor prognosis in many forms of cancer. Here, we show that high PAI1 mRNA levels also predict for shorter overall survival in two independent breast cancer data sets, highlighting the importance of its transcriptional regulation. The -675insG (4G/5G) single-nucleotide polymorphism in the PAI1 gene promoter has been shown to influence PAI1 transcription, with the 4G allele eliciting higher reporter gene expression in vitro and higher levels of circulating PAI1 in vivo. Nevertheless, its genotypic distribution in 2,539 British women with invasive breast cancer was virtually identical to that seen in 1,832 matched controls (P = 0.72), and annual mortality rates for 4G4G, 4G5G, and 5G5G cases were 2.6%, 2.8%, and 3.1% per year, respectively (P = 0.10). Thus, there was no association with breast cancer incidence or outcome, and in a separate set of breast cancers, the 4G/5G single-nucleotide polymorphism showed no association with PAI1 mRNA expression (P = 0.85). By contrast, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), which can regulate PAI1 expression in culture, was associated with PAI1 expression in three independent cohorts (P << 0.0001). In addition, PAI1 gene copy number differences in the tumors were correlated with PAI1 mRNA expression (P = 0.0005) and seemed to affect expression independently of CTGF. Thus, local factors, such as CTGF and genomic amplification, seem to be more important than germ line genetic variation in influencing PAI1 expression and its untoward effects in breast cancer.
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Registered trials
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