SynthesisEuropean journal of pediatrics2007
Oral purified bacterial extracts in acute respiratory tract infections in childhood: a systematic quantitative review.
Synthesis in European journal of pediatrics, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bacterial lysate treatment in allergic disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of OM-85 in paediatric recurrent respiratory tract infections which could have a possible protective effect on COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis.International journal of clinical practice · 2021Pooled it
- OM-85 BV, an immunostimulant in pediatric recurrent respiratory tract infections: a systematic review.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2010Pooled it
- Immunostimulants for preventing respiratory tract infection in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2006Pooled it
- A critical analysis of the effect of OM-85 for the prevention of recurrent respiratory tract infections or wheezing/asthma from systematic reviews with meta-analysis.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2024Article
- Diverging patterns in innate immunity against respiratory viruses during a lifetime: lessons from the young and the old.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2024Review
- Advances in Bacterial Lysate Immunotherapy for Infectious Diseases and Cancer.Journal of immunology research · 2024Review
- Bacterial immunotherapy is highly effective in reducing recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in children: a prospective observational study.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2023Observational
- Immunostimulants for preventing respiratory tract infection in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2022Review
- Can bacterial lysates be useful in prevention of viral respiratory infections in childhood? The results of experimental OM-85 studies.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Review
- Polyvalent Bacterial Lysate Protects Against Pneumonia Independently of Neutrophils, IL-17A or Caspase-1 Activation.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Viral infections and wheezing-asthma inception in childhood: is there a role for immunomodulation by oral bacterial lysates?Clinical and translational allergy · 2020Review
- Strategies to alter the natural history of childhood asthma.Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology · 2017Review
- Selective activation of human dendritic cells by OM-85 through a NF-kB and MAPK dependent pathway.PloS one · 2013Article
- The hygiene hypothesis: an explanation for the increased frequency of insulin-dependent diabetes.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2012Review
- Commentary on "Oral purified bacterial extracts in acute respiratory tract infections in childhood: a systematic review".European journal of pediatrics · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRecurrent acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) are a common problem in childhood. Some evidence suggests a benefit regarding the prevention of ARTI in children treated with the immunomodulator OM-85 BV (Bronchovaxom).
methodsWe summarised the evidence on the effectiveness of the immunomodulator OM-85 BV in the prevention of ARTI in children. We searched randomised comparisons of oral purified bacterial extracts against inactive controls in children with respiratory tract diseases in nine electronic databases and reference lists of included studies. We extracted salient features of each study, calculated relative risks (RR) or weighted mean differences (WMD) and performed meta-analyses using random-effects models.
resultsThirteen studies (2,721 patients) of low to moderate quality tested OM-85 BV. Patients and outcomes differed substantially, which impeded pooling results of more than two trials. Two studies (240 patients) reporting on the number of patients with less than three infections over 6 month of follow-up in children not in day care showed a trend for benefit RR 0.82 (95% CI, 0.65-1.02). One out of two studies examining the number of children not in day care without infections over 4-6 month reported a significant RR of 0.42 (95% CI, 0.21-0.82) whereas the smaller, second study did not [RR 0.92 (95% CI, 0.58-1.46)]. Two studies reporting the number of antibiotic courses indicated a benefit for the intervention arm [WMD 2.0 (95% CI, 1.7-2.3)]. Two out of the three studies showed a reduction of length of episodes of 4-6 days whereas a third study showed no difference between the two groups.
conclusionEvidence in favour of OM-85 BV in the prevention of ARTI in children is weak. There is a trend for fewer and shorter infections and a reduction of antibiotic use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.