ArticleJournal of epidemiology and community health2006
Measuring inequalities in health: the case for healthy life expectancy.
Article in Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tooth Loss and Socioeconomic Inequalities in Disability and Mortality: A Large-scale Prospective Cohort Study in Japan.Journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- The Apparent Discrepancy Between Social Inequality in Disability-Free and Quality-Adjusted Life Expectancy.Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2026Article
- Impact of physical activity on disability-free and disabled life expectancies in middle-aged and older adults: Data from the healthy aging longitudinal study in Taiwan.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2024Article
- Geriatric symptoms associated with healthy life expectancy in older people in Japan.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2023Article
- Association Between Social Participation and Disability-free Life Expectancy in Japanese Older People: The Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study.Journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Article
- Inequalities in health-related quality of life: repeated cross-sectional study of trends in general practice survey data.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2021Article
- Socioeconomic Inequalities in Disability-free Life Expectancy in Older People from England and the United States: A Cross-national Population-Based Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2020Article
- Diet quality as a predictor of cardiometabolic disease-free life expectancy: the Whitehall II cohort study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Article
- Income-related inequality in quality-adjusted life expectancy in Korea at the national and district levels.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2020Article
- Healthy lifestyle and life expectancy free of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes: prospective cohort study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2020Article
- Body mass index as a predictor of healthy and disease-free life expectancy between ages 50 and 75: a multicohort study.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2017Article
- Smoking, physical inactivity and obesity as predictors of healthy and disease-free life expectancy between ages 50 and 75: a multicohort study.International journal of epidemiology · 2016Article
- Sex, Race, and Age Differences in Observed Years of Life, Healthy Life, and Able Life among Older Adults in The Cardiovascular Health Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2015Article
- The methods and materials of health expectancy.Statistical journal of the IAOS · 2014Article
- Best practice guidelines for monitoring socioeconomic inequalities in health status: lessons from Scotland.The Milbank quarterly · 2011Article
- Health inequalities in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: lower healthy life expectancy in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas.American journal of public health · 2011Article
- Flexibility in reproductive timing in human females: integrating ultimate and proximate explanations.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2011Article
- Diabetes and its impact on health-related quality of life: a life table analysis.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2010Article
- A healthy bottom line: healthy life expectancy as an outcome measure for health improvement efforts.The Milbank quarterly · 2010Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate healthy life expectancy (HLE) as a measure of health inequalities by comparing geographical and area-based deprivation-related inequalities in healthy and total life expectancy (TLE).
designLife table analysis based on ecological cross-sectional data. SETTING AND POPULATION: Council area quarters and postcode sector-based deprivation fifths in Scotland.
main outcome measuresExpectation of life in good self-assessed general health, or free from limiting long-term illness, and TLE, for females and males at birth.
resultsWomen in Scotland have a life expectation of 70.3 years in good health, 61.6 years free from limiting long-term illness, and a TLE of 78.9 years. Comparable figures for men are 66.3, 58.6 and 73.5 years. TLE and HLE decrease with increasing area deprivation. Differences are substantially wider for HLE. A 4.7-year difference is seen in TLE between women living in the most and least deprived fifth of areas. The difference in HLE is 10.7 years in good health and 11.6 years free from limiting long-term illness. The degree of deprivation-related inequality in HLE is 2.5 times wider for women and 1.8 times wider for men than in TLE.
conclusionsDifferences in TLE underestimate health inequalities substantially. By including morbidity and mortality, HLE reflects the excess burden of ill health experienced by disadvantaged populations better. Inequalities in length of life and health status during life should be taken into account while monitoring inequalities in population health.
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