Evidence map›Paper›PMID 17101986›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2006

Conservation and evolution of gene coexpression networks in human and chimpanzee brains.

Michael C Oldham, Steve Horvath, Daniel H Geschwind

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 338 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
338citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
9.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

338 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 611 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Telomere-Related Gene Networks in the Ovary Shift Across Environmental Factors.Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology · 2025
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278 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Michael C OldhamInterdepartmental Program for Neuroscience, Program in Neurogenetics, and Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6814, USA.
Steve Horvath
Daniel H Geschwind
Institute of Human Genetics · PL

Funding

Quantitative Biology CoreU19AI063603 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI SCHORK, NICHOLAS JOSEPH · 2004 to 2015
$26.4M
UCLA NINDS/NIMH Microarray CenterU24NS052108 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI NELSON, STANLEY F. · 2005 to 2009
$5.8M
Identification and Characterization of Asymmetrically-Expressed GenesR37MH060233 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI GESCHWIND, DANIEL H · 2006 to 2014
$5.3M
ASYMMETRICALLY EXPRESSED GENES IN THE DEVELOPING CEREBRUR01MH060233 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI GESCHWIND, DANIEL H · 1999 to 2003
$1.2M
Asymmetrically-Expressed Genes in Developing Human CerebrumR56MH060233 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI GESCHWIND, DANIEL H · 2005 to 2005
$295k
NIAID NIH HHS 1U19AI063603-01NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI063603NIMH NIH HHS MH60233NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH060233NIMH NIH HHS R37 MH060233NIMH NIH HHS R56 MH060233NINDS NIH HHS NS52108NINDS NIH HHS U24 NS052108
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Comparisons of gene expression between human and non-human primate brains have identified hundreds of differentially expressed genes, yet translating these lists into key functional distinctions between species has proved difficult. Here we provide a more integrated view of human brain evolution by examining the large-scale organization of gene coexpression networks in human and chimpanzee brains. We identify modules of coexpressed genes that correspond to discrete brain regions and quantify their conservation between the species. Module conservation in cerebral cortex is significantly weaker than module conservation in subcortical brain regions, revealing a striking gradient that parallels known evolutionary hierarchies. We introduce a method for identifying species-specific network connections and demonstrate how differential network connectivity can be used to identify key drivers of evolutionary change. By integrating our results with comparative genomic sequence data and estimates of protein sequence divergence rates, we confirm a number of network predictions and validate these findings. Our results provide insights into the molecular bases of primate brain organization and demonstrate the general utility of weighted gene coexpression network analysis.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionGene Expression RegulationPan troglodytesAnimalsBrainGene Expression ProfilingGenomeHumansMolecular Sequence DataOligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis

Identifiers

PMID17101986
PMCPMC1693857
OpenAlexW2151820055

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.