ArticleDevelopmental biology2006
The chemical defensome: environmental sensing and response genes in the Strongylocentrotus purpuratus genome.
Article in Developmental biology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers.
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Who cites it
95 citing papers in PubMed, 285 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The Chemical Defensome: A Survey of Environmental Sensing and Response Genes in Copepods.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
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- Characterization of cellular and molecular immune components of the painted white sea urchin Lytechinus pictus in response to bacterial infection.Immunology and cell biology · 2025Article
- Global transcriptome modulation by xenobiotics: the role of alternative splicing in adaptive responses to chemical exposures.Human genomics · 2024Article
- The roles of ABCB1/P-glycoprotein drug transporters in regulating gut microbes and inflammation: insights from animal models, old and new.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Review
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- Gene Expression Detects the Factors Influencing the Reproductive Success and the Survival Rates ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- A Chromosome-level Genome Assembly of the Highly Heterozygous Sea Urchin Echinometra sp. EZ Reveals Adaptation in the Regulatory Regions of Stress Response Genes.Genome biology and evolution · 2022Article
- Cytogenetic and developmental toxicity of bisphenol A and bisphenol S in Arbacia lixula sea urchin embryos.Ecotoxicology (London, England) · 2022Article
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- A model-based approach to designing developmental toxicology experiments using sea urchin embryos.Archives of toxicology · 2022Article
- Resolving the Rules of Robustness and Resilience in Biology Across Scales.Integrative and comparative biology · 2022Article
- Ovothiol ensures the correct developmental programme of the sea urchinOpen biology · 2022Article
- Methodological Approaches To Assess Innate Immunity and Innate Memory in Marine Invertebrates and Humans.Frontiers in toxicology · 2022Review
35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Metazoan genomes contain large numbers of genes that participate in responses to environmental stressors. We surveyed the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus genome for homologs of gene families thought to protect against chemical stressors; these genes collectively comprise the 'chemical defensome.' Chemical defense genes include cytochromes P450 and other oxidases, various conjugating enzymes, ATP-dependent efflux transporters, oxidative detoxification proteins, and transcription factors that regulate these genes. Together such genes account for more than 400 genes in the sea urchin genome. The transcription factors include homologs of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, hypoxia-inducible factor, nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2, heat shock factor, and nuclear hormone receptors, which regulate stress-response genes in vertebrates. Some defense gene families, including the ABCC, the UGT, and the CYP families, have undergone expansion in the urchin relative to other deuterostome genomes, whereas the stress sensor gene families do not show such expansion. More than half of the defense genes are expressed during embryonic or larval life stages, indicating their importance during development. This genome-wide survey of chemical defense genes in the sea urchin reveals evolutionary conservation of this network combined with lineage-specific diversification that together suggest the importance of these chemical stress sensing and response mechanisms in early deuterostomes. These results should facilitate future studies on the evolution of chemical defense gene networks and the role of these networks in protecting embryos from chemical stress during development.
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