ArticleJournal of molecular neuroscience : MN2006
The innate immune facet of brain: human neurons express TLR-3 and sense viral dsRNA.
Article in Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 86 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 182 citations in OpenAlex.
- CXCL10 Involvement in Vestibular Migraine via the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- TLR3 Knockdown Attenuates Pressure-Induced Neuronal Damage In Vitro.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Autophagy Deregulation in HIV-1-Infected Cells Increases Extracellular Vesicle Release and Contributes to TLR3 Activation.Viruses · 2024Article
- Virus-Induced Epilepsy vs. Epilepsy Patients Acquiring Viral Infection: Unravelling the Complex Relationship for Precision Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Constructing and Validating a Network of Potential Olfactory Sheathing Cell Transplants Regulating Spinal Cord Injury Progression.Molecular neurobiology · 2023Article
- Counting the Toll of Inflammation on Schizophrenia-A Potential Role for Toll-like Receptors.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Expression of toll like receptor 8 (TLR8) in specific groups of mouse hippocampal interneurons.PloS one · 2022Article
- Precision Exercise Medicine: Sex Specific Differences in Immune and CNS Responses to Physical Activity.Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2022Review
- NLRP1 Inflammasomes: A Potential Target for the Treatment of Several Types of Brain Injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Role of CXCL10 in Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of medical sciences · 2022Review
- TLR-Mediated Signal Transduction and Neurodegenerative Disorders.Brain sciences · 2021Review
- Toll-like Receptors in Viral Encephalitis.Viruses · 2021Review
- Attenuation of the Induction of TLRs 2 and 4 Mitigates Inflammation and Promotes Neurological Recovery After Focal Cerebral Ischemia.Translational stroke research · 2021Article
- Modulating neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration-related dementia: can microglial toll-like receptors pull the plug?Metabolic brain disease · 2021Review
- Microglia in Neurodegenerative Events-An Initiator or a Significant Other?International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Role of astroglial toll-like receptors (TLRs) in central nervous system infections, injury and neurodegenerative diseases.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2021Review
- Immune Sensing Mechanisms that Discriminate Self from Altered Self and Foreign Nucleic Acids.Immunity · 2020Review
- Advances in Understanding the Initial Steps of Pruritoceptive Itch: How the Itch Hits the Switch.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- The Role of Neuronal NLRP1 Inflammasome in Alzheimer's Disease: Bringing Neurons into the Neuroinflammation Game.Molecular neurobiology · 2019Review
- Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Inflammation is an important factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease or multiple sclerosis, and during microbial infections of the nervous system. Glial cells were thought to be the main contributor for cytokine and chemokine production and Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression in the brain. Here, we report that human neurons express TLR-3, a major receptor in virus-mediated innate immune response. We established that these cells can mount a strong inflammatory response characterized by the expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6), chemokines (CCL-5 and CXCL-10), and antiviral molecules (2'5'OAS and IFN-beta) after treatment with dsRNA - a by-product of viral infection and ligand of TLR-3. This work firmly establishes that human neurons, in absence of glia, have the intrinsic machinery to trigger robust inflammatory, chemoattractive, and antiviral responses.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.