ArticleInsect molecular biology2006
A deficit of detoxification enzymes: pesticide sensitivity and environmental response in the honeybee.
Article in Insect molecular biology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 250 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
250 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 781 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis comparing the sensitivity of bees to pesticides.Ecotoxicology (London, England) · 2014Pooled it
- Identification and functional validation of glutathione S-transferase genes involved in detoxification of sulfoxaflor, afidopyropen and lambda-cyhalothrin in Aphis glycines.Pest management science · 2026Article
- Sublethal Acetamiprid Exposure Induces Ovarian Degeneration and HSP70/HSP90 Overexpression in Honey Bee Queens (Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Disruption of Antioxidant Defense Systems in Honey Bees and Wild Bees Under Environmental Xenobiotic Pressure.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Queen bees offload pesticide burden to eggs when social buffering is overwhelmed.Current biology : CB · 2026Article
- Structural and Functional Insights into a Honey Bee Omega-Class Glutathione S-Transferase Mediating Chemical Sequestration and Antioxidative Stress.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2026Article
- Symbiont-Mediated Detoxification of Xenobiotics in Honey Bees.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Review
- Mycotoxins as an Underestimated Honeybee Stressor: Aflatoxin, Contaminated Pollen, and Colony-Level Risk.Biology · 2026Review
- Identification and Characterization of the Detoxification Genes from the Transcriptome ofInsects · 2026Article
- Sublethal Effects of the Insect Growth Regulator Novaluron on the Midgut Integrity and Survival of Adult Honey BeeACS environmental Au · 2026Article
- Article
- Effective Non-Invasive Delivery of Epigenetic Drugs Using Functionalized Accessory Unit Conjugates.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Blood feeding-induced transcriptomic changes in the hard tickFrontiers in insect science · 2026Article
- Toxicity mechanism of lead on bumblebees: from gene expression to gut microbiota analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Complex Roles of Insect Cytochrome P450s in Chemical Adaptation.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- The Sublethal Effects of Neonicotinoids on Honeybees.Biology · 2025Review
- Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Probiotic to Mitigate Pesticide Stress in Honey Bee.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Review
- Assessment of current use pesticides in flowers, pollen provision, and wild bees: HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method development and field implementation.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Diverse Sublethal Effects of a Common Fungicide Impact the Behavior and Physiology of Honey Bees.Insects · 2025Article
190 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The honeybee genome has substantially fewer protein coding genes ( approximately 11 000 genes) than Drosophila melanogaster ( approximately 13 500) and Anopheles gambiae ( approximately 14 000). Some of the most marked differences occur in three superfamilies encoding xenobiotic detoxifying enzymes. Specifically there are only about half as many glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs), cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) and carboxyl/cholinesterases (CCEs) in the honeybee. This includes 10-fold or greater shortfalls in the numbers of Delta and Epsilon GSTs and CYP4 P450s, members of which clades have been recurrently associated with insecticide resistance in other species. These shortfalls may contribute to the sensitivity of the honeybee to insecticides. On the other hand there are some recent radiations in CYP6, CYP9 and certain CCE clades in A. mellifera that could be associated with the evolution of the hormonal and chemosensory processes underpinning its highly organized eusociality.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.