ArticleInsect molecular biology2006
Comparative analysis of serine protease-related genes in the honey bee genome: possible involvement in embryonic development and innate immunity.
Article in Insect molecular biology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.
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68 citing papers in PubMed, 195 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Developmental transcriptomics reveals stage-specific immune gene expression profiles in Spodoptera frugiperda.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The intensity of the transcriptional response varies across infection with distinct viral strains in an insect host.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Climate change-induced stress in the honey beeFrontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Transcriptome Reveals Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroendocrine Regulation of Allometric Growth in the Red Swamp Crayfish Procambarus clarkii.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Urbanization Shifts Immunometabolism in a Common Bumblebee.Ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- Type VI secretion systems promote intraspecific competition and host interactions in a bee gut symbiont.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- The Set of Serine Peptidases of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
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- Comparative transcriptomic analysis of salivary glands between the zoophytophagous Cyrtorhinus lividipennis and the phytozoophagous Apolygus lucorum.BMC genomics · 2024Article
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- A Genome-Wide Analysis of Serine Protease Inhibitors inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of Bean Blossom Thrips (International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Signatures of Adaptation, Constraints, and Potential Redundancy in the Canonical Immune Genes of a Key Pollinator.Genome biology and evolution · 2023Article
- Identification and gene expression analysis of serine proteases and their homologs in the Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Review
- Functional characterization of two clip domain serine proteases in innate immune responses of Aedes aegypti.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
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8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We have identified 44 serine protease (SP) and 13 serine protease homolog (SPH) genes in the genome of Apis mellifera. Most of these genes encode putative secreted proteins, but four SPs and three SPHs may associate with the plasma membrane via a transmembrane region. Clip domains represent the most abundant non-catalytic structural units in these SP-like proteins -12 SPs and six SPHs contain at least one clip domain. Some of the family members contain other modules for protein-protein interactions, including disulphide-stabilized structures (LDL(r)A, SRCR, frizzled, kringle, Sushi, Wonton and Pan/apple), carbohydrate-recognition domains (C-type lectin and chitin-binding), and other modules (such as zinc finger, CUB, coiled coil and Sina). Comparison of the sequences with those from Drosophila led to a proposed SP pathway for establishing the dorsoventral axis of honey bee embryos. Multiple sequence alignments revealed evolutionary relationships of honey bee SPs and SPHs with those in Drosophila melanogaster, Anopheles gambiae, and Manduca sexta. We identified homologs of D. melanogaster persephone, M. sexta HP14, PAP-1 and SPH-1. A. mellifera genome includes at least five genes for potential SP inhibitors (serpin-1 through -5) and three genes of SP putative substrates (prophenoloxidase, spätzle-1 and spätzle-2). Quantitative RT-PCR analyses showed an elevation in the mRNA levels of SP2, SP3, SP9, SP10, SPH41, SPH42, SP49, serpin-2, serpin-4, serpin-5, and spätzle-2 in adults after a microbial challenge. The SP41 and SP6 transcripts significantly increased after an injection of Paenibacillus larva, but there was no such increase after injection of saline or Escherichia coli. mRNA levels of most SPs and serpins significantly increased by 48 h after the pathogen infection in 1st instar larvae. On the contrary, SP1, SP3, SP19 and serpin-5 transcript levels reduced. These results, taken together, provide a framework for designing experimental studies of the roles of SPs and related proteins in embryonic development and immune responses of A. mellifera.
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