ArticleImmunology2006
Polymorphonuclear leucocytes selectively produce anti-inflammatory interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and chemokines, but fail to produce pro-inflammatory mediators.
Article in Immunology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Celastrol in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Immunomodulatory Mechanisms, Multicellular Convergence, and Translational Challenges.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Respiratory virus immune response in the aged host.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Review
- Zinc deficiency as possible link between immunosenescence and age-related diseases.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Review
- Partial depletion of circulating neutrophil granulocytes in mice exacerbates the inflammatory response and hypothermia during LPS induced severe systemic inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Review Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Nanodiamond as a Cytokine Sponge in Infectious Diseases.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: An Overview of Pathophysiology, Models and Acute Injury Mechanisms.Frontiers in neurology · 2019Review
- Inflammaging and the Lung.Clinics in geriatric medicine · 2017Review
- Alcohol, aging, and innate immunity.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2017Review
- MicroRNA-142-3p and let-7g Negatively Regulates Augmented IL-6 Production in Neonatal Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes.International journal of biological sciences · 2017Article
- Residence in biofilms allows Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria to evade the antimicrobial activities of neutrophil-like dHL60 cells.Pathogens and disease · 2015Article
- Secondary necrotic neutrophils release interleukin-16C and macrophage migration inhibitory factor from stores in the cytosol.Cell death discovery · 2015Article
- Yersinia pestis survival and replication within human neutrophil phagosomes and uptake of infected neutrophils by macrophages.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2014Article
- Article
- Infrared low-level diode laser on inflammatory process modulation in mice: pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines.Lasers in medical science · 2013Article
- Low-level laser therapy in different stages of rheumatoid arthritis: a histological study.Lasers in medical science · 2013Article
- In-vivo extravasation induces the expression of interleukin 1 receptor type 1 in human neutrophils.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2012Article
- Changes in chromatin structure and methylation of the human interleukin-1beta gene during monopoiesis.Immunology · 2010Article
- Neonatal neutrophils with prolonged survival secrete mediators associated with chronic inflammation.Neonatology · 2010Article
- Depletion of Ly6G/Gr-1 leukocytes after spinal cord injury in mice alters wound healing and worsens neurological outcome.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The role of neutrophils in the immune response has long been regarded as mainly phagocytic, but recent publications have indicated the production of several cytokines by polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN). The results of the individual reports, however, vary considerably. In this study, we established a cytokine profile of pure human neutrophils and demonstrated that minor contamination of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in PMN preparations can lead to false-positive results. In our hands, peripheral blood PMN fail to produce the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Instead, they secrete large amounts of the chemokine IL-8 and the anti-inflammatory IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). Additionally, PMN preparations of a high purity show production of the chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, MIP-1beta and growth-related oncogene-alpha (GRO-alpha), as well as macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). The neutrophil therefore represents a novelty by producing the antagonist of IL-1beta (i.e. IL-1ra) in the absence of IL-1beta itself. To support our results, we differentiated stem cells from human cord blood into PMN and monocytes, respectively. These in vitro-differentiated PMN showed the same cytokine profile as peripheral blood PMN lacking IL-1beta, while differentiated monocytes produced the expected IL-1beta in addition to IL-1ra. The clear anti-inflammatory nature of their cytokine profile enables PMN to antagonize pro-inflammatory signals in experimental conditions. It is therefore possible that PMN play a key role in immune regulation by counteracting a dysregulation of the inflammatory process. Clinical studies, in which administration of recombinant G-CSF had a favourable effect on the outcome of severe infections and even sepsis without worsening inflammation, could thus be explained by our results.
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