ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2007
GABAergic neurons immunoreactive for calcium binding proteins are reduced in the prefrontal cortex in major depression.
Article in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 205 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
205 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 427 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Meta-Analysis of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies on Glutamatergic Neurometabolite Levels in Major Depressive Disorder.Depression and anxiety · 2025Pooled it
- Reduced nucleus accumbens functional connectivity in reward network and default mode network in patients with recurrent major depressive disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Ventromedial prefrontal cortex/anterior cingulate cortex Glx, glutamate, and GABA levels in medication-free major depressive disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Quantitative meta-analysis of heart rate variability finds reduced parasympathetic cardiac tone in women compared to men during laboratory-based social stress.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Brain GABA levels across psychiatric disorders: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of (1) H-MRS studies.Human brain mapping · 2016Pooled it
- Inhibitory neurotransmission in frontostriatal circuitry: implications for psychomotor and vegetative symptoms in depressive episodes.BMC psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Alterations in gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate neurotransmission linked to intermittent theta-burst stimulation in depression: a sham-controlled study.Translational psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Exercise Promotes Neuroplasticity in Both Healthy and Depressed Brains: An fMRI Pilot Study.Neural plasticity · 2017Trial
- DNMT1 function in cortical PV interneurons modulates cortical network activity, mood disorder‑related behavior, and perineuronal nets.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Gamma-Oryzanol Solid Dispersion Attenuates Dexamethasone-Induced Depressive-like Behaviors in Rats Associated with Calbindin-1 and Calcium Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Reconciling the neurogenic hypothesis of depression with recent advances in adult hippocampal neurogenesis research in humans.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Review
- Dynamic changes in hemispheric lateralization in major depressive disorder correlate with neurotransmitter and genetic profiles: a DIRECT consortium study.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- EEG Biomarkers for a Precision-Medicine Approach to Noninvasive Brain Stimulation for Major Depressive Disorder.Research square · 2025Article
- Antidepressant effects of fluoxetine: upregulation of connexin 36 and 43 in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Neural Electrical Correlates of Subjective Happiness.Human brain mapping · 2025Article
- From trauma to depression: structural, synaptic, epigenetic, and molecular pathways linking early stress to lifelong vulnerability.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Activity in the dorsal hippocampus-mPFC circuit modulates stress-coping strategies during inescapable stress.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Neurogenesis-independent mechanisms of MRI-detectable hippocampal volume increase following electroconvulsive stimulation.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
145 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Post-mortem morphometric studies report reductions in the average density and size of cortical neurons in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and orbitofrontal cortex (ORB) in major depressive disorder (MDD). The contribution of specific neuronal phenotypes to this general pathology in depression is still unclear. Post-mortem sections from the dlPFC and ORB regions of 14 subjects with MDD and 11 controls were immunostained to visualize calbindin-immunoreactive (CB-IR) and parvalbumin-immunoreactive (PV-IR) presumptive GABAergic neurons. A three-dimensional cell counting probe was used to assess the cell packing density and size of CB-IR neurons in layers II+IIIa and PV-IR neurons in layers III-VI. The density of CB-IR neurons was significantly reduced by 50% in depression in the dlPFC and there was a trend toward reduction in the ORB. The size of CB-IR somata was significantly decreased (18%) in depression in the dlPFC with a trend toward reduction in the ORB. In contrast, there was no difference in the density of PV-IR neurons between the depressed and control groups in the dlPFC. The size of PV-IR neuronal soma was unchanged in depressed compared to control subjects in either dlPFC or ORB. In depression, subpopulations of GABAergic neurons may be affected differently in dlPFC and ORB. A significant reduction in the density and size of GABAergic interneurons immunoreactive for calcium binding proteins was found predominantly in the dlPFC region. These cellular changes are consistent with recent neuroimaging studies revealing a reduction in the cortical levels of GABA in depression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.