ArticlePLoS pathogens2006
Terminal reassortment drives the quantum evolution of type III effectors in bacterial pathogens.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Cooperative virulence via the collective action of secreted pathogen effectors.Nature microbiology · 2023Article
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- Pangenomic analysis reveals plant NADProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- The NEL Family of Bacterial E3 Ubiquitin Ligases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Keeping in Touch with Type-III Secretion System Effectors: Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics to Study Effector-Host Protein-Protein Interactions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Article
- Recombination of ecologically and evolutionarily significant loci maintains genetic cohesion in the Pseudomonas syringae species complex.Genome biology · 2019Article
- Molecular Evolution ofFrontiers in plant science · 2019Article
- Caspase-3 cleavage of Salmonella type III secreted effector protein SifA is required for localization of functional domains and bacterial dissemination.Gut microbes · 2019Article
- The bacterial type III-secreted protein AvrRps4 is a bipartite effector.PLoS pathogens · 2018Article
- Functional Analysis of PsAvr3c Effector Family FromFrontiers in plant science · 2018Article
- A bacterial toxin-antitoxin module is the origin of inter-bacterial and inter-kingdom effectors of Bartonella.PLoS genetics · 2017Article
- The HopF family of Pseudomonas syringae type III secreted effectors.Molecular plant pathology · 2017Review
- 3'-NADP and 3'-NAADP, Two Metabolites Formed by the Bacterial Type III Effector AvrRxo1.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2016Article
- A De-Novo Genome Analysis Pipeline (DeNoGAP) for large-scale comparative prokaryotic genomics studies.BMC bioinformatics · 2016Article
- AnnoTALE: bioinformatics tools for identification, annotation, and nomenclature of TALEs from Xanthomonas genomic sequences.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- BEAN 2.0: an integrated web resource for the identification and functional analysis of type III secreted effectors.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many bacterial pathogens employ a type III secretion system to deliver type III secreted effectors (T3SEs) into host cells, where they interact directly with host substrates to modulate defense pathways and promote disease. This interaction creates intense selective pressures on these secreted effectors, necessitating rapid evolution to overcome host surveillance systems and defenses. Using computational and evolutionary approaches, we have identified numerous mosaic and truncated T3SEs among animal and plant pathogens. We propose that these secreted virulence genes have evolved through a shuffling process we have called "terminal reassortment." In terminal reassortment, existing T3SE termini are mobilized within the genome, creating random genetic fusions that result in chimeric genes. Up to 32% of T3SE families in species with relatively large and well-characterized T3SE repertoires show evidence of terminal reassortment, as compared to only 7% of non-T3SE families. Terminal reassortment may permit the near instantaneous evolution of new T3SEs and appears responsible for major modifications to effector activity and function. Because this process plays a more significant role in the evolution of T3SEs than non-effectors, it provides insight into the evolutionary origins of T3SEs and may also help explain the rapid emergence of new infectious agents.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.