SynthesisJournal of human hypertension2006
Prevalence and clinical implications of the inter-arm blood pressure difference: A systematic review.
Synthesis in Journal of human hypertension, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Diagnosing acute aortic syndrome: a Canadian clinical practice guideline.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2020Guideline
- Sources of inaccuracy in the measurement of adult patients' resting blood pressure in clinical settings: a systematic review.Journal of hypertension · 2017Pooled it
- Prevalence of systolic inter-arm differences in blood pressure for different primary care populations: systematic review and meta-analysis.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2016Pooled it
- Inter-arm blood pressure difference and mortality: a cohort study in an asymptomatic primary care population at elevated cardiovascular risk.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2016Trial
- Impact of weight loss on ankle-brachial index and interartery blood pressures.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2014Trial
- Interal-arm blood pressure difference with computer-programmed blood pressure measurement: difference between the first reading and the average of the second and the third readings.Journal of human hypertension · 2026Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with inter-arm systolic and diastolic blood pressure differences: results from the baseline Fasa Adult's Cohort Study (FACS).BMC public health · 2024Article
- Prevalence of inter-arm blood pressure difference among young healthy adults: Results from a large cross-sectional study on 3235 participants.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2022Article
- Inter-arm difference in systolic blood pressure: Prevalence and associated factors in an African population.PloS one · 2022Article
- Elevated Interarm Systolic Blood Pressure Difference Is Positively Associated with Increased Likelihood of Coronary Artery Disease.International journal of hypertension · 2021Article
- Article
- Perioperative non-invasive versus semi-invasive cardiac index monitoring in patients with bariatric surgery - a prospective observational study.BMC anesthesiology · 2020Observational
- Inter-arm difference in blood pressure in patients referred to tertiary hypertension center: Prevalence, risk factors, and relevance to physicians.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2020Article
- Blood Pressure Measurement: A KDOQI Perspective.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2020Review
- Characterizing Agreement in the Level of Interarm Blood Pressure Readings of Adults in the Emergency Department (CALIBRATE Study).Qatar medical journal · 2020Article
- Association of interarm blood pressure difference with cardio-cerebral vascular disease: A community-based, cross-sectional study.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2019Article
- Childhood adiposity, adult adiposity, and the ACE gene insertion/deletion polymorphism: evidence of gene-environment interaction effects on adult blood pressure and hypertension status in adulthood.Journal of hypertension · 2018Article
- Article
- Between-visit reproducibility of inter-arm systolic blood pressure differences in treated hypertensive patients: the coconet study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2017Article
- The interarm blood pressure difference: Do we know enough yet?Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A blood pressure (BP) difference between arms was first reported over 100 years ago. Knowledge of its prevalence and relevance to the accurate measurement of BP remains poor. Current hypertension guidelines do not emphasise it. The objectives of this study were to establish the best estimate of prevalence of the inter-arm difference (IAD) in the population, to consider its implications for accurate BP measurement and treatment, and to discuss its aetiology and potential as a risk marker for cardiovascular disease. Systematic literature review was carried out. The data sources were Medline EMBASE and CINAHL databases, and Index of Theses. Studies reporting prevalence rates of IAD were retrieved and considered for inclusion against explicit methodological criteria. Point prevalence rates were extracted and weighted mean prevalence rates calculated. The main outcome measures were weighted mean prevalences of systolic IAD > or =10 and > or =20 mm Hg and of diastolic IAD > or =10 mm Hg. Thirty-one studies were identified. Most had methodological weaknesses; only four met the inclusion criteria. Pooled prevalences of the IAD from these four studies were 19.6% systolic > or =10 mm Hg (95% CI 18.0-21.3%), 4.2% systolic > or =20 mm Hg (95% CI 3.4-5.1%) and 8.1% diastolic > or =10 mm Hg (95%CI 6.9-9.2%). In conclusion, an IAD is present in a substantial number of patients and should be looked for whenever diagnosis and treatment depend on accurate measurements of BP. The importance of an IAD should be better emphasised in current hypertension management guidelines. There is evidence associating an IAD with peripheral vascular disease, raising the possibility that its presence may predict cardiovascular events.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.