ArticlePLoS biology2006
CDPKs CPK6 and CPK3 function in ABA regulation of guard cell S-type anion- and Ca(2+)-permeable channels and stomatal closure.
Article in PLoS biology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 275 papers.
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275 citing papers in PubMed, 637 citations in OpenAlex.
- Calcium-dependent protein kinase signalling in plant immune responses: current status and future prospects.Planta · 2026Review
- Guard cell signal transduction mechanisms controlling stomatal movements by light, abscisic acid, CO2, VPD and heat.Plant physiology · 2026Review
- Integrative Physiological, Transcriptomic, and Functional Analysis Reveals a Positive Contribution ofGenes · 2026Article
- PuCBL9-PuCIPK11 Modulates Stomatal Microfilament Reorganisation in a Phosphorylation-Dependent Manner to Enhance Drought Tolerance in Poplar.Plant, cell & environment · 2026Article
- Synthetic ion channel inhibitors enhance plant drought tolerance.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Natural variation inScience advances · 2026Article
- The CPK3-mediated cytosolic-nuclear translocation of bHLH107 recruits HY5 to regulate the CuJournal of advanced research · 2026Article
- CDPKs as CaJournal of plant research · 2026Article
- Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels serve as core components for CaJournal of plant research · 2026Article
- Deciphering Drought Response Mechanisms in Oat Through Comprehensive Transcriptomic and Physiological Analysis.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- MAP4K1 and MAP4K2 regulate ABA-induced and CaScience advances · 2025Article
- The Gentiana rigescens genome and transcriptome for the investigation of flower repetitive blooming.BMC biology · 2025Article
- OPEN STOMATA 1 activates SLAC1 anion channel primarily through CPK15 in ABA-induced stomatal closure inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- ALMT12 interacts with and inhibits SLAC1 to modulate stomatal movements and enhance plant biomass.Plant physiology · 2025Article
- Differential regulation of calcium-activated plant kinases in Arabidopsis thaliana.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2025Article
- CPK2 Enhances ABA Sensitivity in Seed Germination and Root Growth by Promoting ABA-InducedPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- TIR immune signalling is blocked by phosphorylation to maintain plant growth.Nature plants · 2025Article
- Interdependence of plasma membrane nanoscale dynamics of a kinase and its cognate substrate underlieseLife · 2025Article
- Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed differential drought stress response mechanisms of wheat seedlings with varying drought tolerance.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Arabidopsis Calcium Dependent Protein Kinase 3, and Its Orthologues OsCPK1, OsCPK15, and AcCPK16, Are Involved in Biotic and Abiotic Stresses.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
215 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) signal transduction has been proposed to utilize cytosolic Ca(2+) in guard cell ion channel regulation. However, genetic mutants in Ca(2+) sensors that impair guard cell or plant ion channel signaling responses have not been identified, and whether Ca(2+)-independent ABA signaling mechanisms suffice for a full response remains unclear. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) have been proposed to contribute to central signal transduction responses in plants. However, no Arabidopsis CDPK gene disruption mutant phenotype has been reported to date, likely due to overlapping redundancies in CDPKs. Two Arabidopsis guard cell-expressed CDPK genes, CPK3 and CPK6, showed gene disruption phenotypes. ABA and Ca(2+) activation of slow-type anion channels and, interestingly, ABA activation of plasma membrane Ca(2+)-permeable channels were impaired in independent alleles of single and double cpk3cpk6 mutant guard cells. Furthermore, ABA- and Ca(2+)-induced stomatal closing were partially impaired in these cpk3cpk6 mutant alleles. However, rapid-type anion channel current activity was not affected, consistent with the partial stomatal closing response in double mutants via a proposed branched signaling network. Imposed Ca(2+) oscillation experiments revealed that Ca(2+)-reactive stomatal closure was reduced in CDPK double mutant plants. However, long-lasting Ca(2+)-programmed stomatal closure was not impaired, providing genetic evidence for a functional separation of these two modes of Ca(2+)-induced stomatal closing. Our findings show important functions of the CPK6 and CPK3 CDPKs in guard cell ion channel regulation and provide genetic evidence for calcium sensors that transduce stomatal ABA signaling.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.