ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2006
Increased susceptibility to bacterial superinfection as a consequence of innate antiviral responses.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Clozapine and Pneumonia: Synthesizing the Link by Reviewing Existing Reports-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Pooled it
- Antibiotics for preventing lower respiratory tract infections in high-risk children aged 12 years and under.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- EBV-Tonsillitis with superinfection involving Staphylococcus aureus and Prevotella Oris leading to life-threatening bleeding in a 13-year-old girl: a case report.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Bile acid receptor Tgr5 prevents macrophage hyperinflammation during bacterial sepsis through metabolic and epigenetic silencing.iScience · 2025Article
- Multiomics uncovers the epigenomic and transcriptomic response to viral and bacterial stimulation in turbot.GigaScience · 2025Article
- Accumulation of free nuclei denotes defective phagocytic capacity of macrophages and occurs after infection withFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Airway epithelial CD47 plays a critical role in inducing influenza virus-mediated bacterial super-infection.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Changes in clinical parameters and inflammatory markers after blood culture collection facilitate early identification of positive culture in adult patients with COVID-19 and clinically suspected bloodstream infection.The Journal of international medical research · 2024Article
- Impact of Alcohol on Inflammation, Immunity, Infections, and Extracellular Vesicles in Pathogenesis.Cureus · 2024Review
- Epidemiological distribution of respiratory viral pathogens in marketable vaccinated broiler chickens in five governorates in the Nile Delta, Egypt, from January 2022 to October 2022.Veterinary world · 2024Article
- Influenza A Virus Exacerbates Group A Streptococcus Infection and Thwarts Anti-Bacterial Inflammatory Responses in Murine Macrophages.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Neutrophil subsets and their differential roles in viral respiratory diseases.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2022Review
- Trained immunity of alveolar macrophages requires metabolic rewiring and type 1 interferon signaling.Mucosal immunology · 2022Article
- Coinfections with Bacteria, Fungi, and Respiratory Viruses in Patients with SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Article
- Molecular survey and interaction of common respiratory pathogens in chicken flocks (field perspective).Veterinary world · 2019Article
- The Potential of Influenza HA-Specific Immunity in Mitigating Lethality of Postinfluenza Pneumococcal Infections.Vaccines · 2019Article
- Production of IFNβ by Conventional Dendritic Cells after Stimulation with Viral Compounds and IFNβ-Independent IFNAR1-Signaling Pathways are Associated with Aggravation of Polymicrobial Sepsis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Divergent Effects of a Transient Corticosteroid Therapy on Virus-Specific Quiescent and Effector CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Bacterial coinfection restrains antiviral CD8 T-cell response via LPS-induced inhibitory NK cells.Nature communications · 2018Article
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The reason why severe localized or systemic virus infections enhance and aggravate bacterial superinfection is poorly understood. Here we show that virus-induced IFN type I caused apoptosis in bone marrow granulocytes, drastically reduced granulocyte infiltrates at the site of bacterial superinfection, caused up to 1,000-fold higher bacterial titers in solid organs, and increased disease susceptibility. The finding that the innate antiviral immune response reduces the antibacterial granulocyte defense offers an explanation for enhanced susceptibility to bacterial superinfection during viral disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.