ArticleMalaria journal2006
Evaluation of the acquired immune responses to Plasmodium vivax VIR variant antigens in individuals living in malaria-endemic areas of Brazil.
Article in Malaria journal, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Library of Plasmodium vivax Recombinant Merozoite Proteins Reveals New Vaccine Candidates and Protein-Protein Interactions.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2015Trial
- Molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of disappearing Plasmodium vivax in southern Thailand.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- B-cell epitope mapping and characterization of antibody responses to recombinant PvRipr in malaria-exposed individuals.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Immunogenicity ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Population genetic analysis of Plasmodium vivax vir genes in Pakistan.Parasites, hosts and diseases · 2024Article
- Genetic diversity and natural selection analysis of VAR2CSA and vir genes: implication for vaccine development.Genomics & informatics · 2024Article
- Genetic diversity and molecular evolution of Plasmodium vivax Duffy Binding Protein and Merozoite Surface Protein-1 in northwestern Thailand.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Immunological characterization of a VIR protein family member (VIR-14) in Plasmodium vivax-infected subjects from different epidemiological regions in Africa and South America.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- IgM antibody responses againstFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Vivax Malaria and the Potential Role of the Subtelomeric MultigeneMicroorganisms · 2022Review
- Antigenicity and adhesiveness of a Plasmodium vivax VIR-E protein from Brazilian isolates.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2022Article
- Humoral and cellular immune response to Plasmodium vivax VIR recombinant and synthetic antigens in individuals naturally exposed to P. vivax in the Republic of Korea.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- Multiparameter Flow Cytometry Analysis of the Human Spleen Applied to Studies of Plasma-Derived EVs FromFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Naturally Acquired Binding-Inhibitory Antibodies toFrontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Plasmodium vivax VIR Proteins Are Targets of Naturally-Acquired Antibody and T Cell Immune Responses to Malaria in Pregnant Women.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2016Article
- Characterization of the Plasmodium Interspersed Repeats (PIR) proteins of Plasmodium chabaudi indicates functional diversity.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Diversity and evolutionary genetics of the three major Plasmodium vivax merozoite genes participating in reticulocyte invasion in southern Mexico.Parasites & vectors · 2015Article
- Article
- Adherence to human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-L) of Plasmodium vivax isolates from Colombia.Malaria journal · 2013Article
- A new computational approach redefines the subtelomeric vir superfamily of Plasmodium vivax.BMC genomics · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe naturally-acquired immune response to Plasmodium vivax variant antigens (VIR) was evaluated in individuals exposed to malaria and living in different endemic areas for malaria in the north of Brazil.
methodsSeven recombinant proteins representing four vir subfamilies (A, B, C, and E) obtained from a single patient from the Amazon Region were expressed in Escherichia coli as soluble glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins. The different recombinant proteins were compared by ELISA with regard to the recognition by IgM, IgG, and IgG subclass of antibodies from 200 individuals with patent infection.
resultsThe frequency of individuals that presented antibodies anti-VIR (IgM plus IgG) during the infection was 49%. The frequencies of individuals that presented IgM or IgG antibodies anti-VIR were 29.6% or 26.0%, respectively. The prevalence of IgG antibodies against recombinant VIR proteins was significantly lower than the prevalence of antibodies against the recombinant proteins representing two surface antigens of merozoites of P. vivax: AMA-1 and MSP119 (57.0% and 90.5%, respectively). The cellular immune response to VIR antigens was evaluated by in vitro proliferative assays in mononuclear cells of the individuals recently exposed to P. vivax. No significant proliferative response to these antigens was observed when comparing malaria-exposed to non-exposed individuals.
conclusionThis study provides evidence that there is a low frequency of individuals responding to each VIR antigens in endemic areas of Brazil. This fact may explain the host susceptibility to new episodes of the disease.
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