ArticlePLoS biology2006
tRNAs promote nuclear import of HIV-1 intracellular reverse transcription complexes.
Article in PLoS biology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- A nuclear tRNA-derived fragment triggers immunity in Arabidopsis.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Expression of HIV from a 1-LTR circular DNA in the absence of integration.Retrovirology · 2025Article
- The life and times of a tRNA.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Review
- Three tRNA nuclear exporters in S. cerevisiae: parallel pathways, preferences, and precision.Nucleic acids research · 2022Article
- Honeybee Iflaviruses Pack Specific tRNA Fragments from Host Cells in Their Virions.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2022Article
- The Role of Capsid in the Early Steps of HIV-1 Infection: New Insights into the Core of the Matter.Viruses · 2021Review
- A novel assay provides insight into tRNAPhe retrograde nuclear import and re-export in S. cerevisiae.Nucleic acids research · 2020Article
- Hijacking tRNAs From Translation: Regulatory Functions of tRNAs in Mammalian Cell Physiology.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2020Review
- LC/MS analysis and deep sequencing reveal the accurate RNA composition in the HIV-1 virion.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Role of host tRNAs and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in retroviral replication.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2019Review
- Oxidative Stress Triggers Selective tRNA Retrograde Transport in Human Cells during the Integrated Stress Response.Cell reports · 2019Article
- Dynamics of intracellular stress-induced tRNA trafficking.Nucleic acids research · 2019Article
- tRNA Processing and Subcellular Trafficking Proteins Multitask in Pathways for Other RNAs.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Review
- tRNA dynamics between the nucleus, cytoplasm and mitochondrial surface: Location, location, location.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Gene regulatory mechanisms · 2018Review
- Sharing the load: Mex67-Mtr2 cofunctions with Los1 in primary tRNA nuclear export.Genes & development · 2017Article
- Orchestrating the Selection and Packaging of Genomic RNA by Retroviruses: An Ensemble of Viral and Host Factors.Viruses · 2016Review
- The Host RNAs in Retroviral Particles.Viruses · 2016Review
- Multiple Layers of Stress-Induced Regulation in tRNA Biology.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Review
- Review
- Quality Control Pathways for Nucleus-Encoded Eukaryotic tRNA Biosynthesis and Subcellular Trafficking.Molecular and cellular biology · 2015Review
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Infection of non-dividing cells is a biological property of HIV-1 crucial for virus transmission and AIDS pathogenesis. This property depends on nuclear import of the intracellular reverse transcription and pre-integration complexes (RTCs/PICs). To identify cellular factors involved in nuclear import of HIV-1 RTCs, cytosolic extracts were fractionated by chromatography and import activity examined by the nuclear import assay. A near-homogeneous fraction was obtained, which was active in inducing nuclear import of purified and labeled RTCs. The active fraction contained tRNAs, mostly with defective 3' CCA ends. Such tRNAs promoted HIV-1 RTC nuclear import when synthesized in vitro. Active tRNAs were incorporated into and recovered from virus particles. Mutational analyses indicated that the anticodon loop mediated binding to the viral complex whereas the T-arm may interact with cellular factors involved in nuclear import. These tRNA species efficiently accumulated into the nucleus on their own in a energy- and temperature-dependent way. An HIV-1 mutant containing MLV gag did not incorporate tRNA species capable of inducing HIV-1 RTC nuclear import and failed to infect cell cycle-arrested cells. Here we provide evidence that at least some tRNA species can be imported into the nucleus of human cells and promote HIV-1 nuclear import.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.