ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2006
The omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoate attenuates endothelial cyclooxygenase-2 induction through both NADP(H) oxidase and PKC epsilon inhibition.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT01814527 (High Dose Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Treatment of Sport Related Concussions), which is not on this map. Cited by 81 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
High Dose Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Treatment of Sport Related Concussions
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 217 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on muscle and whole-body protein synthesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Does omega-3 supplementation improve the inflammatory profile of patients with heart failure? a systematic review and meta-analysis.Heart failure reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of Acute Fish Oil Supplementation on Muscle Function and Soreness After Eccentric Contraction-Induced Muscle Damage.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Platelet redox balance in diabetic patients with hypertension improved by n-3 fatty acids.Diabetes care · 2013Trial
- Blood eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids predict all-cause mortality in patients with stable coronary heart disease: the Heart and Soul study.Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes · 2010Trial
- Omega-3-Based Nutraceuticals Suppress LPS-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Primary Human Monocytes.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- FADS1 contributes to anesthesia/surgery-induced cognitive impairment by aggravating omega-6 fatty acid metabolic disruption in aged mice.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Modulation of inflammatory pathways by omega-3 fatty acids in knee joint health for the management of post-traumatic osteoarthritis: a review.Arthritis research & therapy · 2026Review
- Review
- Maternal dietary DHA and EPA supplementation ameliorates adverse cardiac outcomes in THC-exposed rat offspring.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Omega-3 fatty acids: multi-target mechanisms and therapeutic applications in neurodevelopmental disorders and epilepsy.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and pulmonary arterial hypertension: Insights and perspectives.European journal of clinical investigation · 2024Review
- The Effects of Omega-3 Supplementation on the Omega-3 Index and Quality of Life and Pain Scores in Dogs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Gene therapy forProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- The Intersection of Genetic Factors, Aberrant Nutrient Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in the Progression of Cardiometabolic Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids Attenuate Renal Fibrosis via AMPK-Mediated Autophagy Flux Activation.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- The Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Sarcopenia: Mechanism of Action and Potential Efficacy.Marine drugs · 2023Review
- Mendelian Randomization Indicates a Causal Role for Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Docosahexaenoic acid improves altered mineralization proteins, the decreased quality of hydroxyapatite crystals and suppresses oxidative stress induced by high glucose.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Article
- Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs): Uses and Potential Health Benefits.Current nutrition reports · 2021Review
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A high intake of the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoate [docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] has been associated with systemic antiinflammatory effects and cardiovascular protection. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is responsible for the overproduction of prostaglandins (PG) at inflammatory sites, and its expression is increased in atheroma. We studied the effects of DHA on COX-2 expression and activity in human saphenous vein endothelial cells challenged with proinflammatory stimuli. A>or=24-h exposure to DHA reduced COX-2 expression and activity induced by IL-1, without affecting COX-1 expression. DHA effect depended on the NF-kappaB-binding site in the COX-2 promoter. EMSAs confirmed that DHA attenuated NF-kappaB activation. Because MAPK, PKC, and NAD(P)H oxidase all participate in IL-1-mediated COX-2 expression, we also tested whether these enzymes were involved in DHA effects. Western blots showed that DHA blocked nuclear p65 NF-kappaB subunit translocation by decreasing cytokine-stimulated reactive oxygen species and ERK1/2 activation by effects on both NAD(P)H oxidase and PKCepsilon activities. Finally, to address the question whether DHA itself or DHA-derived products were responsible for these effects, we inhibited the most important enzymes involved in polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism, showing that 15-lipoxygenase-1 products mediate part of DHA effects. These studies provide a mechanistic basis for antiinflammatory and possibly plaque-stabilizing effects of DHA.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.