ArticleJournal of bacteriology2006
Comparative phylogenomics of Clostridium difficile reveals clade specificity and microevolution of hypervirulent strains.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 117 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
117 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Comparative Genomics of Clostridioides difficile.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Ribotypes and New Virulent Strains Across Europe.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Decoding a cryptic mechanism of metronidazole resistance among globally disseminated fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridioides difficile.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Detection and Genomic Characterisation ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Capturing the environment of the Clostridioides difficile infection cycle.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2022Review
- Clostridioides difficile phage biology and application.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2021Review
- Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile in neonatal foals and mares at a referral hospital.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2021Article
- Transition From PCR-Ribotyping to Whole Genome Sequencing Based Typing ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Phylogenomic analysis of Clostridioides difficile ribotype 106 strains reveals novel genetic islands and emergent phenotypes.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Phylogenomics of 8,839 Clostridioides difficile genomes reveals recombination-driven evolution and diversification of toxin A and B.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- Subtyping analysis reveals new variants and accelerated evolution of Clostridioides difficile toxin B.Communications biology · 2020Article
- Outbreaks of Typhlocolitis Caused by Hypervirulent Group ST1Comparative medicine · 2020Article
- Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc · 2020Review
- Genome-Wide Transcription Start Site Mapping and Promoter Assignments to a Sigma Factor in the Human EnteropathogenFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Enterotoxic Clostridia:Microbiology spectrum · 2019Review
- Type IV Pili Promote Clostridium difficile Adherence and Persistence in a Mouse Model of Infection.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
- Two Groups of Cocirculating, Epidemic Clostridiodes difficile Strains Microdiversify through Different Mechanisms.Genome biology and evolution · 2018Article
57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Clostridium difficile is the most frequent cause of nosocomial diarrhea worldwide, and recent reports suggested the emergence of a hypervirulent strain in North America and Europe. In this study, we applied comparative phylogenomics (whole-genome comparisons using DNA microarrays combined with Bayesian phylogenies) to model the phylogeny of C. difficile, including 75 diverse isolates comprising hypervirulent, toxin-variable, and animal strains. The analysis identified four distinct statistically supported clusters comprising a hypervirulent clade, a toxin A(-) B(+) clade, and two clades with human and animal isolates. Genetic differences among clades revealed several genetic islands relating to virulence and niche adaptation, including antibiotic resistance, motility, adhesion, and enteric metabolism. Only 19.7% of genes were shared by all strains, confirming that this enteric species readily undergoes genetic exchange. This study has provided insight into the possible origins of C. difficile and its evolution that may have implications in disease control strategies.
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