ArticlePlant physiology2006
Calcium entry mediated by GLR3.3, an Arabidopsis glutamate receptor with a broad agonist profile.
Article in Plant physiology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers.
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Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 234 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transcending the jasmonate-mediated growth-defense trade-off: Pathways to unlocking plant potential.Plant communications · 2026Review
- Amino Acids as Multifunctional Molecules in Plants: From Fundamental Metabolism to Precision Agriculture.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Not to be overlooked: dipeptides and their role in plant stress resilience.Journal of experimental botany · 2025Review
- GLR Channels Are Involved in the Mechanism of Chloroplast Avoidance Response inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Coordinated actions of NLR-assembled and glutamate receptor-like calcium channels in plant effector-triggered immunity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Glutathione triggers leaf-to-leaf, calcium-based plant defense signaling.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The Effect of [Glu][HToxics · 2025Article
- Insights into Plant Sensory Mechanisms under Abiotic Stresses.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- UMAMIT44 is a key player in glutamate export from Arabidopsis chloroplasts.The Plant cell · 2024Article
- Article
- Chloride, glutathiones, and insect-derived elicitors introduced into the xylem trigger electrical signaling.Plant physiology · 2024Article
- CaNature plants · 2024Article
- Why did glutamate, GABA, and melatonin become intercellular signalling molecules in plants?eLife · 2023Review
- Merging Signaling with Structure: Functions and Mechanisms of Plant Glutamate Receptor Ion Channels.Annual review of plant biology · 2023Review
- Resting cytosol Ca2+ level maintained by Ca2+ pumps affects environmental responses in Arabidopsis.Plant physiology · 2023Article
- Osmoelectric siphon models for signal and water dispersal in wounded plants.Journal of experimental botany · 2023Article
- The calcium connection: exploring the intricacies of calcium signaling in plant-microbe interactions.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Review
- Parallel repair mechanisms in plants and animals.Disease models & mechanisms · 2023Article
- The captivating role of calcium in plant-microbe interaction.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Review
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The amino acids glutamate (Glu) and glycine (Gly) trigger large, rapid rises in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration and a concomitant rise in membrane potential (depolarization) in plants. The possibility that plant homologs of neuronal ionotropic glutamate receptors mediate these neuron-like ionic responses was tested in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings using a combination of Ca(2+) measurements, electrophysiology, and reverse genetics. The membrane depolarization triggered by Glu was greatly reduced or completely blocked in some conditions by mutations in GLR3.3, one of the 20 GLR genes in Arabidopsis. The same mutations completely blocked the associated rise in cytosolic Ca(2+). These results genetically demonstrate the participation of a glutamate receptor in the rapid ionic responses to an amino acid. The GLR3.3-independent component of the depolarization required Glu concentrations above 25 mum, did not display desensitization, and was strongly suppressed by increasing extracellular pH. It is suggested to result from H(+)-amino acid symport. Six amino acids commonly present in soils (Glu, Gly, alanine, serine, asparagine, and cysteine) as well as the tripeptide glutathione (gamma-glutamyl-cysteinyl-Gly) were found to be strong agonists of the GLR3.3-mediated responses. All other amino acids induced a small depolarization similar to the non-GLR, putative symporter component and in most cases evoked little or no Ca(2+) rise. From these results it may be concluded that sensing of six amino acids in the rhizosphere and perhaps extracellular peptides is coupled to Ca(2+) signaling through a GLR-dependent mechanism homologous to a fundamental component of neuronal signaling.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.