ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2006
Mechanism of active renal tubular efflux of tenofovir.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 132 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
132 citing papers in PubMed, 325 citations in OpenAlex.
- Population pharmacokinetics of tenofovir given as either tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or tenofovir alafenamide in an African population.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2023Trial
- Methotrexate Decreases Tenofovir Exposure in Antiretroviral-Suppressed Individuals Living With HIV.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Trial
- Pre-exposure Prophylaxis With Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine and Kidney Tubular Dysfunction in HIV-Uninfected Individuals.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Trial
- Pharmacogenetic Analysis of the Model-Based Pharmacokinetics of Five Anti-HIV Drugs: How Does This Influence the Effect of Aging?Clinical and translational science · 2018Trial
- Brief Report: Long-Term (96-Week) Efficacy and Safety After Switching From Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate to Tenofovir Alafenamide in HIV-Infected, Virologically Suppressed Adults.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Trial
- Brief Report: Switching to Tenofovir Alafenamide, Coformulated With Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, and Emtricitabine, in HIV-Infected Adults With Renal Impairment: 96-Week Results From a Single-Arm, Multicenter, Open-Label Phase 3 Study.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Trial
- A Randomized, Open-Label Trial to Evaluate Switching to Elvitegravir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Plus Darunavir in Treatment-Experienced HIV-1-Infected Adults.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Trial
- Genomewide association study of tenofovir pharmacokinetics and creatinine clearance in AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocol A5202.Pharmacogenetics and genomics · 2015Trial
- Telaprevir and ribavirin interaction: higher ribavirin levels are not only due to renal dysfunction during triple therapy.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Trial
- Effects of a protein-rich drink or a standard meal on the pharmacokinetics of elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine and tenofovir in healthy Japanese male subjects: a randomized, three-way crossover study.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2014Trial
- Renal events among women treated with tenofovir/emtricitabine in combination with either lopinavir/ritonavir or nevirapine.AIDS (London, England) · 2014Trial
- Trial
- The effects of cotrimoxazole or tenofovir co-administration on the pharmacokinetics of maraviroc in healthy volunteers.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2008Trial
- Contemporary antiretroviral pharmacology in the male genital tract: implications for HIV treatment and prevention.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Review
- A new category for understanding the mechanisms of drug-induced kidney injury.Renal failure · 2025Review
- Lamivudine and tenofovir pharmacokinetic variability in people with HIV in Papua New Guinea.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the Efficacy of Tenofovir Alafenamide in Patients with Low-Level Viremia Under Chronic Hepatitis B Treatment.Viruses · 2025Article
- Comprehensive Chemical Analysis of the Methyl 3-Nitrogen-2,3-Dideoxysaccharides Derivatives with d-The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2025Article
- Review
- Building Metabolically Stable and Potent Anti-HIV Thioether-Lipid Analogues of Tenofovir Exalidex: A thorough Pharmacological Analysis.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
72 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tenofovir (TFV) undergoes renal elimination by a combination of glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion. While transporter-mediated uptake of TFV from the blood into proximal-tubule cells has been well characterized, comparatively little is known about the efflux system responsible for transporting TFV into the lumen during active tubular secretion. Therefore, members of the ATP-binding cassette family of efflux pumps expressed at the apical side of proximal-tubule cells were studied for the ability to transport TFV. Studies in multiple independent in vitro systems show TFV not to be a substrate for P glycoprotein (Pgp) or multidrug resistance protein type 2 (MRP2). In contrast to Pgp and MRP2, TFV was observed to be a substrate for MRP4. TFV accumulated to fivefold lower levels in MRP4-overexpressing cells, and its accumulation could be increased by an MRP inhibitor. Furthermore, MRP4-overexpressing cells were found to be 2.0- to 2.5-fold less susceptible to cytotoxicity caused by TFV. ATP-dependent uptake of TFV was observed in membrane vesicles containing MRP4 but not in vesicles lacking the transporter. On the basis of these and previous results, the molecular transport pathway for the active tubular secretion of TFV through renal proximal-tubule cells involves uptake from the blood mediated by human organic anion transporters 1 and 3 and efflux into urine by MRP4. A detailed understanding of the molecular mechanism of TFV active tubular secretion will facilitate the assessment of potential renal drug-drug interactions with coadministered agents.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.