ArticleJournal of virology2006
Naive T-cell depletion related to infection by X4 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in poor immunological responders to highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Article in Journal of virology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Discordant Immune Response with Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-1: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- The Three Pioneers in the Discovery of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2025Article
- HIV-1 inhibits IFITM3 expression to promote the infection of megakaryocytes.Journal of molecular cell biology · 2025Article
- How to properly define immunological nonresponse to antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV? an integrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- Observational
- Incomplete immune reconstitution in HIV/AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy: Challenges of immunological non-responders.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2020Review
- Phylogenetic Analyses Comparing HIV Sequences from Plasma at Virologic Failure to Cervix Versus Blood Sequences from Antecedent Antiretroviral Therapy Suppression.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2019Observational
- Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Persistence in Cellular and Anatomic Reservoirs in Antiretroviral Therapy-Suppressed Infant Rhesus Macaques.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Monotypic low-level HIV viremias during antiretroviral therapy are associated with disproportionate production of X4 virions and systemic immune activation.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
- Article
- A Lower Baseline CD4/CD8 T-Cell Ratio Is Independently Associated with Immunodiscordant Response to Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Subjects.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2017Article
- Antiretroviral therapy suppressed participants with low CD4+ T-cell counts segregate according to opposite immunological phenotypes.AIDS (London, England) · 2016Article
- CCR6(-) regulatory T cells blunt the restoration of gut Th17 cells along the CCR6-CCL20 axis in treated HIV-1-infected individuals.Mucosal immunology · 2016Article
- Altered phenotypic and functional characteristics of CD3+CD56+ NKT-like cells in human gastric cancer.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Brief Report: A High Rate of β7+ Gut-Homing Lymphocytes in HIV-Infected Immunological Nonresponders is Associated With Poor CD4 T-Cell Recovery During Suppressive HAART.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Article
- Position-specific automated processing of V3 env ultra-deep pyrosequencing data for predicting HIV-1 tropism.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Association between discordant immunological response to highly active anti-retroviral therapy, regulatory T cell percentage, immune cell activation and very low-level viraemia in HIV-infected patients.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2014Article
- Altered CD4+ T cell homing to the gut impairs mucosal immune reconstitution in treated HIV-infected individuals.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2012Article
- Incomplete immune recovery in HIV infection: mechanisms, relevance for clinical care, and possible solutions.Clinical & developmental immunology · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The reasons for poor CD4+ T-cell recovery in some human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects despite effective highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) remain unclear. We recently reported that CXCR4-using (X4) HIV-1 could be gradually selected in cellular reservoirs during sustained HAART. Because of the differential expression of HIV-1 coreceptors CCR5 and CXCR4 on distinct T-cell subsets, the residual replication of R5 and X4 viruses could have different impacts on T-cell homeostasis during immune reconstitution on HAART. We examined this hypothesis and the mechanisms of CD4+ T-cell restoration by comparing the virological and immunological features of 15 poor and 15 good immunological responders to HAART. We found a high frequency of X4 viruses in the poor immunological responders. But the levels of intrathymic proliferation of the two groups were similar regardless of whether they were infected by R5 or X4 virus. The frequency of recent thymic emigrants in the poor immunological responders was also similar to that found in the good immunological responders, despite their reduced numbers of naïve CD4+ T cells. Our data, rather, suggest that the naïve T-cell compartment is drained by a high rate of mature naïve cell loss in the periphery due to bystander apoptosis or activation-induced differentiation. X4 viruses could play a role in the depletion of naïve T cells in poor immunological responders to HAART by triggering persistent T-cell activation and bystander apoptosis via gp120-CXCR4 interactions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.