ArticleClinical and molecular allergy : CMA2006
Mode of delivery and cord blood cytokines: a birth cohort study.
Article in Clinical and molecular allergy : CMA, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Developmental programming for allergy: a secondary analysis of the Mothers, Omega-3, and Mental Health Study.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2013Trial
- The fetal exposome: cellular and epigenetic programming of neonatal immune function.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Umbilical cord blood natural killer cells for adoptive immunotherapy: identifying optimal starting material and processing parameters.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Age-associated changes in innate and adaptive immunity: role of the gut microbiota.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Serum cytokines are associated with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and not with methylmercury measured in infant cord blood in the Seychelles child development study.Environmental research · 2022Article
- The prevalence of food allergy in cesarean-born children aged 0-3 years: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Review
- Prenatal and Perinatal Environmental Influences Shaping the Neonatal Immune System: A Focus on Asthma and Allergy Origins.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- The Effects of Delivery Mode on the Gut Microbiota and Health: State of Art.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Article
- Considering the Microbiome in Stress-Related and Neurodevelopmental Trajectories to Schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Review
- Article
- Cesarean section increases sensitivity to oxazolone-induced colitis in C57BL/6 mice.Mucosal immunology · 2019Article
- Birth delivery mode alters perinatal cell death in the mouse brain.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Associations between caesarean delivery and allergic outcomes: Results from the GUSTO study.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2017Article
- Association of cord blood chemokines and other biomarkers with neonatal complications following intrauterine inflammation.PloS one · 2017Article
- Increased risk of allergic rhinitis among children delivered by cesarean section: a cross-sectional study nested in a birth cohort.BMC pediatrics · 2016Article
- Bacterial capsular polysaccharide prevents the onset of asthma through T-cell activation.Glycobiology · 2015Article
- Article
- Trends in the distribution of gestational age and contribution of planned births in New South Wales, Australia.PloS one · 2013Article
- Functional profiling of the gut microbiome in disease-associated inflammation.Genome medicine · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe mechanisms for the association between birth by cesarean section and atopy and asthma are largely unknown.
objectiveTo examine whether cesarean section results in neonatal secretion of cytokines that are associated with increased risk of atopy and/or asthma in childhood. To examine whether the association between mode of delivery and neonatal immune responses is explained by exposure to the maternal gut flora (a marker of the vaginal flora).
methodsCBMCs were isolated from 37 neonates at delivery, and secretion of IL-13, IFN-gamma, and IL-10 (at baseline and after stimulation with antigens [dust mite and cat dander allergens, phytohemagglutinin, and lipopolysaccharide]) was quantified by ELISA. Total and specific microbes were quantified in maternal stool. The relation between mode of delivery and cord blood cytokines was examined by linear regression. The relation between maternal stool microbes and cord blood cytokines was examined by Spearman's correlation coefficients.
resultsCesarean section was associated with increased levels of IL-13 and IFN-gamma. In multivariate analyses, cesarean section was associated with an increment of 79.4 pg/ml in secretion of IL-13 by CBMCs after stimulation with dust mite allergen (P < 0.001). Among children born by vaginal delivery, gram-positive anaerobes and total anaerobes in maternal stool were positively correlated with levels of IL-10, and gram-negative aerobic bacteria in maternal stool were negatively correlated with levels of IL-13 and IFN-gamma.
conclusionCesarean section is associated with increased levels of IL-13 and IFN-gamma, perhaps because of lack of labor and/or reduced exposure to specific microbes (e.g., gram-positive anaerobes) at birth.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.