ArticleJournal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine2006
Mapping and measuring social disparities in premature mortality: the impact of census tract poverty within and across Boston neighborhoods, 1999-2001.
Article in Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Gentrification, Neighborhood Change, and Population Health: a Systematic Review.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2020Pooled it
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- Causes and predictors of premature death in the pars cohort study, Iran: a cohort study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Impacts of census differential privacy for small-area disease mapping to monitor health inequities.Science advances · 2023Article
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- Comparing socio-economic inequalities in self-reported and undiagnosed hypertension among adults 45 years and over in India: what explains these inequalities?International journal for equity in health · 2023Article
- Are Income-based Differences in TKA Use and Outcomes Reduced in a Single-payer System? A Large-database Comparison of the United States and Canada.Clinical orthopaedics and related research · 2022Article
- Social determinants of health influence disease activity and functional disability in Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2022Article
- Spatially varying racial inequities in cardiovascular health and the contribution of individual- and neighborhood-level characteristics across the United States: The REasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke (REGARDS) study.Spatial and spatio-temporal epidemiology · 2022Article
- Health inequities and the inappropriate use of race in nephrology.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2022Review
- Historical and generational forces in the Iridescent Life Course of bisexual women, men, and gender diverse older adults.Sexualities · 2022Article
- Statistical implications of endogeneity induced by residential segregation in small-area modelling of health inequities.The American statistician · 2022Article
- The Structural Violence Trap: Disparities in Homicide, Chronic Disease Death, and Social Factors Across San Francisco Neighborhoods.Journal of the American College of Surgeons · 2022Article
- Community poverty level influences time to first pediatric rheumatology appointment in Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2021Article
- Premature mortality attributable to socioeconomic inequality in England between 2003 and 2018: an observational study.The Lancet. Public health · 2020Observational
- Sex-Specific Associations Between Area-Level Poverty and Cardiometabolic Dysfunction Among US Adolescents.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) · 2020Article
- Identifying County-Level All-Cause Mortality Rate Trajectories and Their Spatial Distribution Across the United States.Preventing chronic disease · 2019Article
- Estimated Residential Exposure to Agricultural Chemicals and Premature Mortality by Parkinson's Disease in Washington State.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The identification and documentation of health disparities are important functions of public health surveillance. These disparities, typically falling along lines defined by gender, race/ethnicity, and social class, are often made visible in urban settings as geographic disparities in health between neighborhoods. Recognizing that premature mortality is a powerful indicator of disparities in both health status and access to health care that can readily be monitored using routinely available public health surveillance data, we undertook a systematic analysis of spatial variation in premature mortality in Boston (1999-2001) across neighborhoods and sub-neighborhoods in relation to census tract (CT) poverty. Using a multilevel model based framework, we estimated that the incidence of premature mortality was 1.39 times higher (95% credible interval 1.09-1.78) among persons living in the most economically deprived CTs (>/=20% below poverty) compared to those in the least impoverished tracts (<5% below poverty). We present maps of model-based standardized mortality ratios that show substantial within-neighborhood variation in premature mortality and a sizeable decrease in spatial variation after adjustment for CT poverty. Additionally, we present maps of model-based direct standardized rates that can more readily be compared to externally published rates and targets, as well as maps of the population attributable fraction that show that in some of Boston's poorest neighborhoods, the proportion of excess deaths associated with CT poverty reaches 25-30%. We recommend that these methods be incorporated into routine analyses of public health surveillance data to highlight continuing social disparities in premature mortality.
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