ArticleInfection and immunity2006
Measurement of effector protein injection by type III and type IV secretion systems by using a 13-residue phosphorylatable glycogen synthase kinase tag.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Methods for Identifying Type III Secretion System Effectors in Chlamydia trachomatis.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2027Article
- VapC toxins promote the pathogenesis of Rickettsia heilongjiangensis by cleaving essential RNAs from both Rickettsia and its host.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Experimental Approaches to Visualize Effector Protein Translocation During Host-Pathogen Interactions.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2025Review
- The Passage of Chaperonins to Extracellular Locations inBiomolecules · 2025Article
- Cell-selective proteomics reveal novel effectors secreted by an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Cell-selective proteomics reveal novel effectors secreted by an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Identification and Preliminary Characterization of Novel Type III Secreted Effector Proteins in Chlamydia trachomatis.Infection and immunity · 2023Article
- Multitask Approach to Localize Rhizobial Type Three Secretion System Effector Proteins Inside Eukaryotic Cells.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A trans-kingdom T6SS effector induces the fragmentation of the mitochondrial network and activates innate immune receptor NLRX1 to promote infection.Nature communications · 2023Article
- The Ankyrin Repeat Protein RARP-1 Is a Periplasmic Factor That SupportsJournal of bacteriology · 2022Article
- Recent Advancements in Tracking Bacterial Effector Protein Translocation.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- The Chlamydia trachomatis inclusion membrane protein CT006 associates with lipid droplets in eukaryotic cells.PloS one · 2022Article
- Heightened Virulence ofInfection and immunity · 2021Article
- Application of aJournal of bacteriology · 2021Article
- A Same-Genus Screening Approach Reveals Novel Effectors and New Possibilities for InvestigatingJournal of bacteriology · 2021Article
- Cell-type-specific hypertranslocation of effectors by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa type III secretion system.Molecular microbiology · 2021Article
- Topological analysis of type 3 secretion translocons in native membranes.Methods in enzymology · 2021Article
- Identification of specific sequence motif of YopN of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis required for systemic infection.Virulence · 2019Article
- Article
- TheThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Numerous bacterial pathogens use type III secretion systems (T3SSs) or T4SSs to inject or translocate virulence proteins into eukaryotic cells. Several different reporter systems have been developed to measure the translocation of these proteins. In this study, a peptide tag-based reporter system was developed and used to monitor the injection of T3S and T4S substrates. The glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) tag is a 13-residue phosphorylatable peptide tag derived from the human GSK-3beta kinase. Translocation of a GSK-tagged protein into a eukaryotic cell results in host cell protein kinase-dependent phosphorylation of the tag, which can be detected with phosphospecific GSK-3beta antibodies. A series of expression plasmids encoding Yop-GSK fusion proteins were constructed to evaluate the ability of the GSK tag to measure the injection of Yops by the Yersinia pestis T3SS. GSK-tagged YopE, YopH, LcrQ, YopK, YopN, and YopJ were efficiently phosphorylated when translocated into HeLa cells. Similarly, the injection of GSK-CagA by the Helicobacter pylori T4SS into different cell types was measured via phosphorylation of the GSK tag. The GSK tag provides a simple method to monitor the translocation of T3S and T4S substrates.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.