ArticleInfection and immunity2006
Effect of different forms of adenylate cyclase toxin of Bordetella pertussis on protection afforded by an acellular pertussis vaccine in a murine model.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pertussis-specific memory B-cell and humoral IgG responses in adolescents after a fifth consecutive dose of acellular pertussis vaccine.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2014Trial
- An old foe comes swooping back: Whooping cough resurgence-Okay, now what?PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- The Expanding Role of HLA-E in Host Defense: A Target for Broadly Applicable Vaccines and Immunotherapies.Cells · 2025Review
- Pertussis resurgence: epidemiological trends, pathogenic mechanisms, and preventive strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Development and validation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for anti-mouse pertussis immunoglobulin G using international reference anti-Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2024Article
- Delivery ofFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Article
- Structural basis for antibody binding to adenylate cyclase toxin reveals RTX linkers as neutralization-sensitive epitopes.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Vaccine-Induced Cellular Immunity againstVaccines · 2021Review
- Acellular Pertussis Vaccine InhibitsVaccines · 2020Article
- Next-Generation Pertussis Vaccines Based on the Induction of Protective T Cells in the Respiratory Tract.Vaccines · 2020Review
- Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Components: Today and Tomorrow.Vaccines · 2020Review
- Role of Major Toxin Virulence Factors in Pertussis Infection and Disease Pathogenesis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2019Article
- Evaluation of Adenylate Cyclase Toxoid Antigen in Acellular Pertussis Vaccines by Using a Bordetella pertussis Challenge Model in Mice.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
- What Is Wrong with Pertussis Vaccine Immunity? The Problem of Waning Effectiveness of Pertussis Vaccines.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2017Review
- Review
- Bordetella Adenylate Cyclase-Hemolysin Toxins.Toxins · 2017Review
- Article
- Use of a Toxin Neutralization Assay To Characterize the Serologic Response to Adenylate Cyclase Toxin after Infection with Bordetella pertussis.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2017Article
- Pore-formation by adenylate cyclase toxoid activates dendritic cells to prime CD8+ and CD4+ T cells.Immunology and cell biology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Four recombinant forms of the cell-invasive adenylate cyclase toxin (CyaA) of Bordetella pertussis were compared for the ability to enhance protection against B. pertussis in mice when coadministered with an acellular pertussis vaccine (ACV). The four forms were as follows: fully functional CyaA, a CyaA form lacking adenylate cyclase enzymatic activity (CyaA*), and the nonacylated forms of these toxins, i.e., proCyaA and proCyaA*, respectively. None of these forms alone conferred significant (P > 0.05) protection against B. pertussis in a murine intranasal challenge model. Mice immunized with ACV alone showed significant (P < 0.05) reductions in bacterial numbers in the lungs after intranasal challenge compared with those for control mice. When administered with ACV, both CyaA and CyaA* further reduced bacterial numbers in the lungs of mice after intranasal challenge compared with those for ACV-immunized mice, but the enhanced protection was only significant (P < 0.05) with CyaA*. Coadministration of CyaA* with ACV caused a significant (P < 0.05) increase in immunoglobulin G2a antibody levels against pertactin compared with those in mice immunized with ACV alone. Spleen cells from mice immunized with ACV plus CyaA* secreted larger amounts of interleukin-5 (IL-5), IL-6, gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) than did cells from mice immunized with ACV plus CyaA or ACV alone after stimulation in vitro with a mixture of B. pertussis antigens. Spleen cells from mice immunized with ACV plus CyaA* also secreted larger amounts of IFN-gamma and GM-CSF than did cells from mice immunized with CyaA* alone after stimulation in vitro with CyaA*. Macrophages from mice immunized with ACV plus CyaA* produced significantly (P < 0.05) higher levels of nitric oxide than did macrophages from mice immunized with CyaA* alone, ACV alone, or ACV plus CyaA after stimulation in vitro with a mixture of B. pertussis antigens or heat-killed B. pertussis cells. These data suggest that the enhancement of protection provided by CyaA* was due to an augmentation of both Th1 and Th2 immune responses to B. pertussis antigens.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.