ArticleJournal of virology2006
Complete-genome phylogenetic approach to varicella-zoster virus evolution: genetic divergence and evidence for recombination.
Article in Journal of virology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeted metagenomics reveals hidden chickenpox epidemic amid Mpox surveillance in Uganda.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Varicella-Zoster Virus-Genetics, Molecular Evolution and Recombination.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2023Article
- Selective retention of virus-specific tissue-resident T cells in healed skin after recovery from herpes zoster.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Molecular characterization of varicella zoster virus isolated from clinical samples in India.The Indian journal of medical research · 2021Article
- Genetic analysis of varicella-zoster virus in the aqueous humor in uveitis with severe hyphema.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Evidence of widespread natural recombination among field isolates of equine herpesvirus 4 but not among field isolates of equine herpesvirus 1.The Journal of general virology · 2016Article
- Genotyping of clinical varicella-zoster virus isolates collected from Yunnan in Southwestern China.Biomedical reports · 2016Article
- Recombination of Globally Circulating Varicella-Zoster Virus.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- Evolution of cocirculating varicella-zoster virus genotypes during a chickenpox outbreak in Guinea-Bissau.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- Bioinformatics of varicella-zoster virus: single nucleotide polymorphisms define clades and attenuated vaccine genotypes.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2013Article
- Genetic analysis of clinical VZV isolates collected in China reveals a more homologous profile.BioMed research international · 2013Article
- Analysis of enzymatic digestion pattern of two open reading frames of Varciella-Zoster genome from Kuwaiti patients using the RFLP technique.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2012Article
- Pangaea and the Out-of-Africa Model of Varicella-Zoster Virus Evolution and Phylogeography.Journal of virology · 2012Review
- Novel genetic variation identified at fixed loci in ORF62 of the Oka varicella vaccine and in a case of vaccine-associated herpes zoster.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2012Article
- Sequencing of 21 varicella-zoster virus genomes reveals two novel genotypes and evidence of recombination.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- Phenotypic and genetic characterization of varicella-zoster virus mutants resistant to acyclovir, brivudine and/or foscarnet.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2011Article
- Household size is critical to varicella-zoster virus transmission in the tropics despite lower viral infectivity.Epidemics · 2011Article
- Article
- A genome-wide comparative evolutionary analysis of herpes simplex virus type 1 and varicella zoster virus.PloS one · 2011Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent studies of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) DNA sequence variation, involving large numbers of globally distributed clinical isolates, suggest that this virus has diverged into at least three distinct genotypes designated European (E), Japanese (J), and mosaic (M). In the present study, we determined and analyzed the complete genomic sequences of two M VZV strains and compared them to the sequences of three E strains and two J strains retrieved from GenBank (including the Oka vaccine preparation, V-Oka). Except for a few polymorphic tandem repeat regions, the whole genome, representing approximately 125,000 nucleotides, is highly conserved, presenting a genetic similarity between the E and J genotypes of approximately 99.85%. These analyses revealed that VZV strains distinctly segregate into at least four genotypes (E, J, M1, and M2) in phylogenetic trees supported by high bootstrap values. Separate analyses of informative sites revealed that the tree topology was dependent on the region of the VZV genome used to determine the phylogeny; collectively, these results indicate the observed strain variation is likely to have resulted, at least in part, from interstrain recombination. Recombination analyses suggest that strains belonging to the M1 and M2 genotypes are mosaic recombinant strains that originated from ancestral isolates belonging to the E and J genotypes through recombination on multiple occasions. Furthermore, evidence of more recent recombination events between M1 and M2 strains is present in six segments of the VZV genome. As such, interstrain recombination in dually infected cells seems to figure prominently in the evolutionary history of VZV, a feature it has in common with other herpesviruses. In addition, we report here six novel genomic targets located in open reading frames 51 to 58 suitable for genotyping of clinical VZV isolates.
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