ArticleJournal of virology2006
Characterization of human metapneumovirus F protein-promoted membrane fusion: critical roles for proteolytic processing and low pH.
Article in Journal of virology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- RNAi-based therapeutics targeting the F gene in human metapneumovirus: An in-silico approach.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Target-Based Antiviral Drug Development Against Human Respiratory Viruses.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A novel antiviral strategy targeting human metapneumovirus through pH modulation in human airway epithelial cells.The Journal of general virology · 2026Article
- Mechanistic insights and emerging applications of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) treatment: From molecular design to translational immunity.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
- Avian Metapneumovirus: Virology, Epidemiology, and Insights from a Comparative Analysis with Human Metapneumovirus-A Review.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Resurgence of human metapneumovirus: an overview of past and current trends.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): A comprehensive review of its virology, epidemiology, clinical features, and advances in diagnosis and prevention.Northern clinics of Istanbul · 2026Review
- Human metapneumovirus: understanding the molecular mechanisms and pathology of infection.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- In silico drug repurposing targeting fusion and nucleoprotein of human metapneumovirus: A step toward pandemic preparedness.Indian journal of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Immunoinformatic design of chimeric multiepitope vaccine for the prevention of human metapneumovirus (hMPV).BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- A second-generation molecular clamp stabilised bivalent candidate vaccine for protection against diseases caused by respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- hMPV Outbreaks: Worldwide Implications of a Re-Emerging Respiratory Pathogen.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Vaccine Development for Human Pneumoviruses.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Review
- Host Cell Proteases Involved in Human Respiratory Viral Infections and Their Inhibitors: A Review.Viruses · 2024Review
- Article
- A Receptor Integrin β1 Promotes Infection of Avian Metapneumovirus Subgroup C by Recognizing a Viral Fusion Protein RSD Motif.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Structural characterization of M8C10, a neutralizing antibody targeting a highly conserved prefusion-specific epitope on the metapneumovirus fusion trimerization interface.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Development of a novel multi-epitope mRNA vaccine candidate to combat HMPV virus.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Structural basis for respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus neutralization.Current opinion in virology · 2023Review
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a recently described human pathogen of the pneumovirus subfamily within the paramyxovirus family. HMPV infection is prevalent worldwide and is associated with severe respiratory disease, particularly in infants. The HMPV fusion protein (F) amino acid sequence contains features characteristic of other paramyxovirus F proteins, including a putative cleavage site and potential N-linked glycosylation sites. Propagation of HMPV in cell culture requires exogenous trypsin, which cleaves the F protein, and HMPV, like several other pneumoviruses, is infectious in the absence of its attachment protein (G). However, little is known about HMPV F-promoted fusion, since the HMPV glycoproteins have yet to be analyzed separately from the virus. Using syncytium and luciferase reporter gene fusion assays, we determined the basic requirements for HMPV F protein-promoted fusion in transiently transfected cells. Our data indicate that proteolytic cleavage of the F protein is a stringent requirement for fusion and that the HMPV G protein does not significantly enhance fusion. Unexpectedly, we also found that fusion can be detected only when transfected cells are treated with trypsin and exposed to low pH, indicating that this viral fusion protein may function in a manner unique among the paramyxoviruses. We also analyzed the F protein cleavage site and three potential N-linked glycosylation sites by mutagenesis. Mutations in the cleavage site designed to facilitate endogenous cleavage did so with low efficiency, and our data suggest that all three N-glycosylation sites are utilized and that each affects cleavage and fusion to various degrees.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.