ReviewCanadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique
What are the effects of tobacco policies on vulnerable populations? A better practices review.
Review in Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Evidence for a comprehensive approach to Aboriginal tobacco control to maintain the decline in smoking: an overview of reviews among Indigenous peoples.Systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Neighborhood Disparities in Point-of-Sale Tobacco Marketing.American journal of public health · 2015Pooled it
- Promotion of tobacco use cessation for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people: a systematic review.American journal of preventive medicine · 2014Pooled it
- Effects of tobacco taxation and pricing on smoking behavior in high risk populations: a knowledge synthesis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2011Pooled it
- Using standalone pharmacies to reduce tobacco retailer availability: neighbourhood associations and two competing policy options in four US states.Tobacco control · 2026Article
- SimSmoke simulation models distinguished by race/ethnicity: past and future trends and the potential role of policy.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs · 2025Article
- Tobacco Control Policies and Sociodemographic Disparities in Cigarette Smoking Behaviors in the U.S.: A Systematic Review Protocol.AJPM focus · 2024Article
- Using systems science to advance health equity in tobacco control: a causal loop diagram of smoking.Tobacco control · 2023Review
- Tobacco prevention and control interventions in humanitarian settings: a scoping review protocol.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Overview of systematic reviews on the health-related effects of government tobacco control policies.BMC public health · 2015Review
- Smoking among Asian Americans: acculturation and gender in the context of tobacco control policies in New York City.Health promotion practice · 2013Article
- Potential unintended consequences of smoke-free policies in public places on pregnant women in China.American journal of preventive medicine · 2009Article
- Unintended consequences of smoke-free bar policies for low-SES women in three California counties.American journal of preventive medicine · 2009Article
- Better science with sex and gender: Facilitating the use of a sex and gender-based analysis in health research.International journal for equity in health · 2009Article
- Tobacco policies and vulnerable girls and women: toward a framework for gender sensitive policy development.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2006Article
- Location restrictions on smoking: assessing their differential impacts and consequences in the workplace.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publiqueReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWhile comprehensive tobacco policies have reduced the prevalence of smoking in Canada, some groups remain vulnerable to tobacco use and display high rates of smoking. This article reviews three types of tobacco policies--tax and price, smoking location restrictions and sales restrictions--and examines the consequences for Aboriginal people, youth and low-income people.
methodsA better practices review model was used to assess the strength of studies published between 1990 and 2004 that examined the effects of these tobacco policies on the three vulnerable populations of interest. A total of 72 studies were assessed and 42 judged medium or high strength. A gender-based and diversity analysis was applied to assess the differential impacts on females and males and/or diverse characteristics within these populations. Intended and unintended consequences were examined.
findingsFew studies assessed the potential or differential effects of tobacco policies on the three selected populations. In these, it was difficult to disentangle the effects of each policy in a comprehensive tobacco control environment, and there is need for improved indicators and greater attention to sex and gender analysis.
conclusionsResearch is required to measure the intended and unintended impacts of tobacco policies on populations vulnerable to tobacco use. There are problems in assessing these studies that could be resolved with more precise indicator development. An equity-based framework for assessing the effects of tobacco policies is needed that is conceptually linked to health determinants and inequities. The article concludes with a set of recommendations for research, evaluation, policy and ethics arising from this review.
Indexed as
Identifiers
16967752PMC6975708What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.