ArticleInfection and immunity2006
Human monoclonal antibodies directed against toxins A and B prevent Clostridium difficile-induced mortality in hamsters.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 133 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
133 citing papers in PubMed, 254 citations in OpenAlex.
- Broad coverage of genetically diverse strains of Clostridium difficile by actoxumab and bezlotoxumab predicted by in vitro neutralization and epitope modeling.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Trial
- Monoclonal Antibodies Targeting Bacterial Infections: A Broad Review of the Field.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Adenosine deaminase co-immunization reverses age-associated immunosenescence by restoring germinal center T follicular helper cell function.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The monoclonal antibody AZD5148 confers broad protection against TcdB-diverse Clostridioides difficile strains in mice.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Mouse monoclonal antibodies againstInfection and immunity · 2025Article
- Mechanisms ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- De novo design of mini-protein binders broadly neutralizing Clostridioides difficile toxin B variants.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
- Immunization Strategies Against Clostridioides difficile.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Review
- Engineered Secretory Immunoglobulin A provides insights on antibody-based effector mechanisms targetingbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection: Current Clinical Management and Microbiome-Based Therapies.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2023Review
- Development and characterization of phage display-derived anti-toxin antibodies neutralizing TcdA and TcdB ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Development of an antibody fused with an antimicrobial peptide targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A new approach to prevent and treat bacterial infections.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Biofilm Formation ofMicroorganisms · 2023Review
- AAV-mediated delivery of actoxumab and bezlotoxumab results in serum and mucosal antibody concentrations that provide protection from C. difficile toxin challenge.Gene therapy · 2023Article
- Development of an anti-Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Antibody-Based Immunotherapies as a Tool for Tackling Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Gut Microbiota Composition Associated withPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
73 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Clostridium difficile is the leading cause of nosocomial antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and recent outbreaks of strains with increased virulence underscore the importance of identifying novel approaches to treat and prevent relapse of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD). CDAD pathology is induced by two exotoxins, toxin A and toxin B, which have been shown to be cytotoxic and, in the case of toxin A, enterotoxic. In this report we describe fully human monoclonal antibodies (HuMAbs) that neutralize these toxins and prevent disease in hamsters. Transgenic mice carrying human immunoglobulin genes were used to isolate HuMAbs that neutralize the cytotoxic effects of either toxin A or toxin B in cell-based in vitro neutralization assays. Three anti-toxin A HuMAbs (3H2, CDA1, and 1B11) could all inhibit the enterotoxicity of toxin A in mouse intestinal loops and the in vivo toxicity in a systemic mouse model. Four anti-toxin B HuMAbs (MDX-1388, 103-174, 1G10, and 2A11) could neutralize cytotoxicity in vitro, although systemic toxicity in the mouse could not be neutralized. Anti-toxin A HuMAb CDA1 and anti-toxin B HuMAb MDX-1388 were tested in the well-established hamster model of C. difficile disease. CDA1 alone resulted in a statistically significant reduction of mortality in hamsters; however, the combination treatment offered enhanced protection. Compared to controls, combination therapy reduced mortality from 100% to 45% (P<0.0001) in the primary disease hamster model and from 78% to 32% (P<0.0001) in the less stringent relapse model.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.