ArticleNucleic acids research2006
Twin gradients in APOBEC3 edited HIV-1 DNA reflect the dynamics of lentiviral replication.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.
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Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of the APOBEC3 footprint across the Anelloviridae family.Archives of virology · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of APOBEC3 Packaging into HIV-1.Viruses · 2026Review
- Article
- Prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in proviral DNA in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study, a retrospective study from 1995 to 2018.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Evolutionary potential of the monkeypox genome arising from interactions with human APOBEC3 enzymes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Evolutionary potential of the monkeypox genome arising from interactions with human APOBEC3 enzymes.Virus evolution · 2023Article
- The frequency of defective genes inJournal of ginseng research · 2021Article
- The Role of APOBECs in Viral Replication.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Crystal Structure of a Soluble APOBEC3G Variant Suggests ssDNA to Bind in a Channel that Extends between the Two Domains.Journal of molecular biology · 2020Article
- A Protein Antagonist of Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase Encoded by a Complex Mouse Retrovirus.mBio · 2019Article
- Article
- The DNA damage induced by the Cytosine Deaminase APOBEC3A Leads to the production of ROS.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- A high rate of polymerization during synthesis of mouse mammary tumor virus DNA alleviates hypermutation by APOBEC3 proteins.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- APOBEC3G Regulation of the Evolutionary Race Between Adaptive Immunity and Viral Immune Escape Is Deeply Imprinted in the HIV Genome.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Mechanism of Enhanced HIV Restriction by Virion Coencapsidated Cytidine Deaminases APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Evaluating Clonal Expansion of HIV-Infected Cells: Optimization of PCR Strategies to Predict Clonality.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Minimal Contribution of APOBEC3-Induced G-to-A Hypermutation to HIV-1 Recombination and Genetic Variation.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Characterization of the Deamination Coupled with Sliding along DNA of Anti-HIV Factor APOBEC3G on the Basis of the pH-Dependence of Deamination Revealed by Real-Time NMR Monitoring.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Article
- Lack of mutational hot spots during decitabine-mediated HIV-1 mutagenesis.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Article
- RNA binding to APOBEC3G induces the disassembly of functional deaminase complexes by displacing single-stranded DNA substrates.Nucleic acids research · 2015Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Vif protein blocks incorporation of two host cell cytidine deaminases, APOBEC3F and 3G, into the budding virion. Not surprisingly, on a vif background nascent minus strand DNA can be extensively edited leaving multiple uracil residues. Editing occurs preferentially in the context of TC (GA on the plus strand) and CC (GG) depending on the enzyme. To explore the distribution of APOBEC3F and -3G editing across the genome, a product/substrate ratio (AA + AG)/(GA + GG) was computed for a series of 30 edited genomes present in the data bases. Two highly polarized gradients were noted each with maxima just 5' to the central polypurine tract (cPPT) and LTR proximal polypurine tract (3'PPT). The gradients are in remarkable agreement with the time the minus strand DNA remains single stranded. In vitro analyses of APOBEC3G deamination of nascent cDNA spanning the two PPTs showed no pronounced dependence on the PPT RNA:DNA heteroduplex ruling out the competing hypothesis of a PPT orientation effect. The degree of hypermutation varied smoothly among genomes indicating that the number of APOBEC3 molecules packaged varied considerably.
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